ArticleInfection and immunity2000
Adjuvant activity of monophosphoryl lipid A for nasal and oral immunization with soluble or liposome-associated antigen.
Article in Infection and immunity, 2000. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 106 citations in OpenAlex.
- Nigella sativa monophosphoryl lipid A nanoliposome: a promising antibiotic alternative and immunomodulator to control virulent pandemic drug-resistant Salmonella pullorum infection in broiler chicks.BMC veterinary research · 2025Article
- Rational Design and In Silico Evaluation of a Multiepitope Vaccine Targeting the uPAR for Cancer Immunotherapy.Journal of immunology research · 2025Article
- Local and systemic humoral immune responses to Histophilus somni recombinant antigens administered intranasally and subcutaneously to dairy calves.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Design of a Novel Recombinant Multi-Epitope Vaccine against Triple-Negative Breast CancerIranian biomedical journal · 2022Article
- Mucosal Vaccination via the Respiratory Tract.Pharmaceutics · 2019Review
- Proof of concept in utilizing in-trans surface display system of Lactobacillus plantarum as mucosal tuberculosis vaccine via oral administration in mice.BMC biotechnology · 2018Article
- Nasal aluminum (oxy)hydroxide enables adsorbed antigens to induce specific systemic and mucosal immune responses.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2017Article
- Mimicking microbial strategies for the design of mucus-permeating nanoparticles for oral immunization.European journal of pharmaceutics and biopharmaceutics : official journal of Arbeitsgemeinschaft fur Pharmazeutische Verfahrenstechnik e.V · 2015Review
- Intranasal DNA Vaccine for Protection against Respiratory Infectious Diseases: The Delivery Perspectives.Pharmaceutics · 2014Article
- Repeated oronasal exposure to lipopolysaccharide induced mucosal IgA responses in periparturient dairy cows.PloS one · 2014Article
- Strategies for intranasal delivery of vaccines.Drug delivery and translational research · 2013Article
- Incorporation of the TLR4 agonist monophosphoryl lipid A into the bilayer of DDA/TDB liposomes: physico-chemical characterization and induction of CD8+ T-cell responses in vivo.Pharmaceutical research · 2011Article
- Adjuvant formulations possess differing efficacy in the potentiation of antibody and cell mediated responses to a human malaria vaccine under selective immune genes knockout environment.International immunopharmacology · 2008Article
- A DNA vaccine prime followed by a liposome-encapsulated protein boost confers enhanced mucosal immune responses and protection.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2008Article
- Article
- Article
- Oral and nasal sensitization promote distinct immune responses and lung reactivity in a mouse model of peanut allergy.The American journal of pathology · 2005Article
- Role of innate immune factors in the adjuvant activity of monophosphoryl lipid A.Infection and immunity · 2003Article
- Mechanisms of monophosphoryl lipid A augmentation of host responses to recombinant HagB from Porphyromonas gingivalis.Infection and immunity · 2002Article
- Microbial/host interactions: mechanisms involved in host responses to microbial antigens.Immunologic research · 2002Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The effectiveness of monophosphoryl lipid A (MPL) as a mucosal adjuvant was investigated following oral or intranasal (i.n.) administration of an aqueous adjuvant formulation of MPL (MPL-AF) added to soluble antigen or liposomal antigen or incorporated into liposomal antigen membranes. Groups of BALB/c female mice were immunized with 50 to 100 microg of free or liposomal Streptococcus mutans crude glucosyltransferase (C-GTF) with or without MPL-AF added to the vaccine or incorporated into the liposomal membrane. Plasma, saliva, vaginal wash, and fecal extract samples were collected biweekly following immunization and assessed for antigen-specific antibody activity by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Mice immunized by the i.n. route had higher levels of salivary, plasma, and vaginal immunoglobulin A (IgA) anti-C-GTF responses and higher levels of plasma IgG anti-C-GTF than the orally immunized groups. A second administration of the vaccine 14 weeks after the initial immunization resulted in an anamnestic response to C-GTF resulting in 10- and 100-fold increases in saliva and plasma IgA and plasma IgG, respectively (in the i.n. immunized groups). Mice receiving a second i.n. immunization with liposomal antigen and MPL-AF had higher salivary IgA anti-C-GTF responses than mice immunized with antigen plus MPL-AF or liposomal antigen (P < 0.05). Plasma IgG anti-C-GTF activity was highest in mice immunized by the i.n. route with antigen formulations containing MPL-AF (P < 0.05). These results demonstrate the effectiveness of MPL-AF as an adjuvant for potentiating mucosal and systemic immune responses to liposomal C-GTF following i.n. immunization.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.