ArticleJournal of virology2000
Neuroinvasion by human respiratory coronaviruses.
Article in Journal of virology, 2000. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 306 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
306 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 525 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systematic review exploring the clinical features of optic neuritis after SARS-CoV infection and vaccination.BMJ open ophthalmology · 2023Pooled it
- Coronavirus disease 2019 and neurodegenerative disease: what will the future bring?Current opinion in psychiatry · 2021Pooled it
- Current Recommendations for the Management of Stroke Patients in the Middle East in the Era of COVID-19 Pandemic; Statement from the MENA SINO.Journal of stroke and cerebrovascular diseases : the official journal of National Stroke Association · 2020Guideline
- Neurological manifestations of COVID-19 and other coronavirus infections: A systematic review.Clinical neurology and neurosurgery · 2020Pooled it
- Neurological manifestations associated with COVID-19: a review and a call for action.Journal of neurology · 2020Pooled it
- Possible Role of Ivermectin Mucoadhesive Nanosuspension Nasal Spray in Recovery of Post-COVID-19 Anosmia.Infection and drug resistance · 2022Trial
- Temperature and developmental stage govern intestinal susceptibility to human coronavirus 229E.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Xenosialylation as immunological chimerism: a host-centered unifying model for viral and post-vaccination immune complications.European cytokine network · 2026Review
- A stable subgenomic reporter coronavirus enables transcriptional profiling of bystander cells.The Journal of general virology · 2026Article
- Identifying GFAP-expressing cell susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection using human iPSC-derived neural cells.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Review
- Commentary: Internal medicine at the crossroads of long COVID diagnosis and management.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Human coronavirus OC43 infection in human cerebral organoids: novel insights on pathogenesis and potential therapeutic interventions.Journal of biomedical science · 2025Article
- The age-dependent neuroglial interaction with peripheral immune cells in coronavirus-induced neuroinflammation with a special emphasis on COVID-19.Biogerontology · 2025Review
- Sciatic Nerve Neuropathy Secondary to Sacral Pressure Ulcer Following COVID-19: A Case Report.Cureus · 2025Article
- Review
- Utilizing HCoV-OC43 to better understand the neurological impact of COVID-19.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2024Article
- Animal models of Long Covid: A hit-and-run disease.Science translational medicine · 2024Review
- Cardiovascular and kidney diseases are positively associated with neuroinflammation and reduced brain-derived neurotrophic factor in patients with severe COVID-19.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2024Article
- Indomethacin inhibits human seasonal coronaviruses at late stages of viral replication in lung cells: Impact on virus-induced COX-2 expression.Journal of virus eradication · 2024Article
246 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Human coronaviruses (HCoV) cause common colds but can also infect neural cell cultures. To provide definitive experimental evidence for the neurotropism and neuroinvasion of HCoV and its possible association with multiple sclerosis (MS), we have performed an extensive search and characterization of HCoV RNA in a large panel of human brain autopsy samples. Very stringent reverse transcription-PCR with two primer pairs for both viral strains (229E and OC43), combined with Southern hybridization, was performed on samples from 90 coded donors with various neurological diseases (39 with MS and 26 with other neurological diseases) or normal controls (25 patients). We report that 44% (40 of 90) of donors were positive for 229E and that 23% (21 of 90) were positive for OC43. A statistically significant higher prevalence of OC43 in MS patients (35.9%; 14 of 39) than in controls (13.7%; 7 of 51) was observed. Sequencing of nucleocapsid protein (N) gene amplicons revealed point mutations in OC43, some consistently found in three MS patient brains and one normal control but never observed in laboratory viruses. In situ hybridization confirmed the presence of viral RNA in brain parenchyma, outside blood vessels. The presence of HCoV in human brains is consistent with neuroinvasion by these respiratory pathogens. Further studies are needed to distinguish between opportunistic and disease-associated viral presence in human brains.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.