Evidence map›Paper›PMID 10955842›Full record

ArticlePharmaceutical research2000

Controlled release of liposomes from biodegradable dextran microspheres: a novel delivery concept.

R J Stenekes, A E Loebis, C M Fernandes, D J Crommelin, W E Hennink

Abstract read
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Pharmaceutical research, 2000. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed
1.0field-weighted citation impact, top 26% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed, 65 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Viral and nonviral delivery systems for gene delivery.Advanced biomedical research · 2012
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

R J StenekesDepartment of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Utrecht, The Netherlands. R.J.H.Stenekes@pharm.uu.nl
A E Loebis
C M Fernandes
D J Crommelin
W E Hennink
Utrecht University · NLLeiden University · NL

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeTo design liposome-loaded microspheres, which release the liposomes in a time-controlled manner and in intact form.

methodsLiposomes were encapsulated in biodegradable dextran-based microspheres, which were prepared using an aqueous two phase system consisting of poly(ethylene glycol) and methacrylated dextran. The effects of liposome size and membrane fluidity, microsphere water content, degree of methacrylate substitution, and type of dextran derivative used, on encapsulation efficiency, release, and integrity of the liposomes were investigated.

resultsLiposomes were entrapped in dextran-based microspheres quantitatively and with full preservation of their integrity. Liposomes with a low, as well as with a high membrane fluidity, were released from the microspheres in their intact form and with preservation of their size. Release kinetics depended only on the degradation rate of the microspheres. For rapidly degrading systems, pulsed release was observed and the time after which the pulse occurred (from 5 until 25 days) could be tailored by the gel characteristics such as initial water content, degree of methacrylate substitution, and type of hydrolytically sensitive spacer present in the cross-links. This delay time was not dependent on the size of the liposomes in the range studied (0.1-0.2 microm). Microspheres which degraded more slowly showed, after a certain delay time, sustained release of the liposomes extended up to 100 days.

conclusionsA novel drug delivery concept based on the encapsulation of liposomes in biodegradable dextran-based microspheres was designed. The system released the liposomes in intact form in a controlled way after a prolonged period of time.

Indexed as

Drug CarriersLiposomesCalorimetry, Differential ScanningHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationMembrane FluidityMicroscopy, FluorescenceMicrospheresDrug CarriersLiposomes

Identifiers

PMID10955842
OpenAlexW1518249966

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.