ArticleThe Journal of cell biology2000
Distinct roles of ROCK (Rho-kinase) and MLCK in spatial regulation of MLC phosphorylation for assembly of stress fibers and focal adhesions in 3T3 fibroblasts.
Article in The Journal of cell biology, 2000. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 321 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
321 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 676 citations in OpenAlex.
- Tools for investigating O-GlcNAc in signaling and other fundamental biological pathways.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2024Pooled it
- Mechanical forces stimulate Golgi export.The Journal of cell biology · 2026Article
- NGFR induces melanoma invasion and immunotherapy resistance through myosin light chain 2 modulation.The EMBO journal · 2026Article
- Actomyosin contractility is a potent suppressor of mesoderm induction by human pluripotent stem cells.The Journal of cell biology · 2026Article
- Steady-state epithelial apical flatness is characterized by MLCK morphodynamics and asynchronous CaMolecular biology of the cell · 2026Article
- MicroRNA-mediated mechanotransduction and chondrocyte differentiation in mesenchymal stem cells.Animal cells and systems · 2026Review
- Unresolved mechanisms: a hypothesized spatial regulation of myosin light chain phosphorylation within the walls of resistance arteries.Frontiers in physiology · 2026Article
- Targeting Cytoskeleton and Cell Motility: Past and Novel Strategies for Cancer Therapy.Oncology research · 2026Review
- Rotational migration in human pancreatic ductal organoids depends on actin and myosin activity.Communications biology · 2025Article
- Restoring NK Cell Cytotoxicity Post-Cryopreservation via Synthetic Cells.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Rotational migration in human pancreatic ductal organoids depends on actin and myosin activity.ArXiv · 2025Article
- Roles of protein-protein interactions and monolayer mechanics in tricellulin localization to tricellular tight junctions.Biology open · 2025Article
- OXTR-mediated signaling in astrocytes contributes to anxiolysis.Molecular psychiatry · 2025Article
- Mechanosignaling via Integrins: Pivotal Players in Liver Fibrosis Progression and Therapy.Cells · 2025Review
- Prostaglandin E2 dependent migration of human brain endothelial cells is mediated through Rho-Kinase-II.PloS one · 2025Article
- Myosin phosphatase targeting subunit1 controls localization and motility of Rab7-containing vesicles: Is myosin phosphatase a cytoplasmic dynein regulator?Cytoskeleton (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2024Article
- Excitable Rho dynamics control cell shape and motility by sequentially activating ERM proteins and actomyosin contractility.Science advances · 2024Article
- Oligomeric Tau-induced oxidative damage and functional alterations in cerebral endothelial cells: Role of RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway.Free radical biology & medicine · 2024Article
- Alarmin S100A8 imparts chemoresistance of esophageal cancer by reprogramming cancer-associated fibroblasts.Cell reports. Medicine · 2024Article
- Myosin light chain phosphatase is a downstream target of Rho-kinase in endothelin-1-induced transactivation of the TGF-β receptor.Cell biochemistry and biophysics · 2024Article
261 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
ROCK (Rho-kinase), an effector molecule of RhoA, phosphorylates the myosin binding subunit (MBS) of myosin phosphatase and inhibits the phosphatase activity. This inhibition increases phosphorylation of myosin light chain (MLC) of myosin II, which is suggested to induce RhoA-mediated assembly of stress fibers and focal adhesions. ROCK is also known to directly phosphorylate MLC in vitro; however, the physiological significance of this MLC kinase activity is unknown. It is also not clear whether MLC phosphorylation alone is sufficient for the assembly of stress fibers and focal adhesions. We have developed two reagents with opposing effects on myosin phosphatase. One is an antibody against MBS that is able to inhibit myosin phosphatase activity. The other is a truncation mutant of MBS that constitutively activates myosin phosphatase. Through microinjection of these two reagents followed by immunofluorescence with a specific antibody against phosphorylated MLC, we have found that MLC phosphorylation is both necessary and sufficient for the assembly of stress fibers and focal adhesions in 3T3 fibroblasts. The assembly of stress fibers in the center of cells requires ROCK activity in addition to the inhibition of myosin phosphatase, suggesting that ROCK not only inhibits myosin phosphatase but also phosphorylates MLC directly in the center of cells. At the cell periphery, on the other hand, MLCK but not ROCK appears to be the kinase responsible for phosphorylating MLC. These results suggest that ROCK and MLCK play distinct roles in spatial regulation of MLC phosphorylation.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.