ArticleNature medicine2000
A B-cell mitogen from a pathogenic trypanosome is a eukaryotic proline racemase.
Article in Nature medicine, 2000. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 67 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
67 citing papers in PubMed, 160 citations in OpenAlex.
- Towards a map of the immune system manipulation network byFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Review
- Galectin-8 deficiency promotes chronic splenomegaly persistence in Chagas disease.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Article
- Different responses involving Tfh cells delay parasite-specific antibody production inFrontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Animal models for exploring Chagas disease pathogenesis and supporting drug discovery.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2024Review
- Unraveling the Missing Pieces: Exploring the Gaps in Understanding Chagas Cardiomyopathy.Cureus · 2024Review
- Vaccination with parasite-specific TcTASV proteins combined with recombinant baculovirus as a delivery platform protects against acute and chronicFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024Article
- A Review on the Immunological Response againstPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Immunoglobulin M-degrading enzyme ofFrontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- In the Acute Phase ofFrontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Parasitomimetics: Can We Utilize Parasite-Derived Immunomodulatory Molecules for Interventions to Immunological Disorders?Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Host-parasite dynamics in Chagas disease from systemic to hyper-local scales.Parasite immunology · 2021Review
- Article
- Effect of theParasitology · 2020Article
- Dietary Walnut Supplementation Alters Mucosal Metabolite Profiles During DSS-Induced Colonic Ulceration.Nutrients · 2019Article
- Role of Proline in Pathogen and Host Interactions.Antioxidants & redox signaling · 2019Review
- Pathology and Pathogenesis of Chagas Heart Disease.Annual review of pathology · 2019Review
- Designed mono- and di-covalent inhibitors trap modeled functional motions for Trypanosoma cruzi proline racemase in crystallography.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2018Article
- Characterisation of a putative glutamate 5-kinase from Leishmania donovani.The FEBS journal · 2018Article
- The Uptake and Metabolism of Amino Acids, and Their Unique Role in the Biology of Pathogenic Trypanosomatids.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2018Review
- The Unsolved Jigsaw Puzzle of the Immune Response in Chagas Disease.Frontiers in immunology · 2018Review
7 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Lymphocyte polyclonal activation is a generalized mechanism of immune evasion among pathogens. In a mouse model of Trypanosoma cruzi infection (American trypanosomiasis), reduced levels of polyclonal lymphocyte responses correlate with resistance to infection and cardiopathy. We report here the characterization of a parasite protein with B-cell mitogenic properties in culture supernatants of infective forms, the cloning of the corresponding gene and the analysis of the biological properties of its product. We characterized the protein as a co-factor-independent proline racemase, and show that its expression as a cytoplasmic and/or membrane-associated protein is life-stage specific. Inhibition studies indicate that availability of the racemase active site is necessary for mitogenic activity. This is the first report to our knowledge of a eukaryotic amino acid racemase gene. Our findings have potential consequences for the development of new immune therapies and drug design against pathogens.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.