ArticleClinical and experimental immunology2000
Booster immunization of children with an acellular pertussis vaccine enhances Th2 cytokine production and serum IgE responses against pertussis toxin but not against common allergens.
Article in Clinical and experimental immunology, 2000. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 86 citations in OpenAlex.
- Immunogenicity and safety of concomitant administration of the chinese inactivated poliovirus vaccine with the diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis (DTaP) vaccine in children: A multicenter, randomized, non-inferiority, controlled trial.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Trial
- Trial
- Pertussis immunization in infancy and adolescent asthma medication.Pediatrics · 2014Trial
- Th2-associated local reactions to the acellular diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis vaccine in 4- to 6-year-old children.Infection and immunity · 2005Trial
- The Role and Safety of Aluminum Adjuvants in Childhood Vaccines.Pediatrics · 2026Review
- Pertussis-A Re-Emerging Threat Despite Immunization: An Analysis of Vaccine Effectiveness and Antibiotic Resistance.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Genome-based prediction of cross-protective, HLA-DR-presented epitopes as putative vaccine antigens for multipleMicrobiology spectrum · 2024Article
- Development of carbohydrate based next-generation anti-pertussis vaccines.Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry · 2022Review
- Vaccine-Induced Cellular Immunity againstVaccines · 2021Review
- Immuno-proteomics analysis between OMV of vaccine and dominant wild type strains ofIranian journal of microbiology · 2020Article
- Development and Validation of aJournal of immunology research · 2020Article
- Article
- Pertussis vaccines and protective immunity.Current opinion in immunology · 2019Review
- Neonatal Immunity toJournal of immunology research · 2019Review
- Subcutaneous Immunization of Dogs WithFrontiers in immunology · 2019Article
- Th1/Th17 polarization persists following whole-cell pertussis vaccination despite repeated acellular boosters.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2018Article
- Article
- A Review on T Cell Epitopes Identified Using Prediction and Cell-Mediated Immune Models forFrontiers in immunology · 2018Review
- What Is Wrong with Pertussis Vaccine Immunity? Why Immunological Memory to Pertussis Is Failing.Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in biology · 2017Review
- Roads to the development of improved pertussis vaccines paved by immunology.Pathogens and disease · 2015Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Acellular pertussis vaccines (Pa) protect against severe pertussis in children. However, serum antibody responses decline quickly after immunization. Studies in animal models suggest that cell-mediated immunity also contributes to protection against Bordetella pertussis, and it has already been demonstrated that Pa induce T cells that secrete type-1 and type-2 cytokines in children. In this study we examined the persistence of the T cell response and the effect of booster immunization in 4-6-year-old children. Cell-mediated immunity to B. pertussis antigens was detected in a high proportion of children more than 42 months after their last immunization. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from the majority of children secreted interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and a smaller proportion IL-5, in response to specific antigen stimulation in vitro. However, following booster immunization, significantly higher concentrations of IL-5, but not IFN-gamma, were produced by PBMC in response to B. pertussis antigens. Furthermore, plasma IL-4 and IL-5 concentrations were increased, whereas IFN-gamma concentrations were reduced following booster immunization. It has been suggested that childhood immunization with Th2-inducing vaccines may predispose some children to atopic disease. Although we found that pertussis toxin (PT)-specific IgE was significantly increased after booster immunization in both atopic and non-atopic children, the levels of IgE to common allergens and the prevalence of positive skin prick test were unaffected by the booster vaccination. Thus, despite the enhancement of type-2 responses to B. pertussis antigens, booster vaccination with Pa does not appear to be a risk factor for allergy.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.