ArticleJournal of neuroimmunology2000
Activation of glial cells by human coronavirus OC43 infection.
Article in Journal of neuroimmunology, 2000. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
42 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 67 citations in OpenAlex.
- Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Infections: Possible Mechanisms of Neurological Implications-A Systematic Review.Frontiers in neurology · 2020Pooled it
- Reduced cytokine levels among people living with HIV (PLWH) in ghana co-infected with human coronaviruses.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Delayed Facial Nerve Palsy after Vestibular Schwannoma Surgery in the COVID-19 Pandemic.International archives of otorhinolaryngology · 2026Article
- HMC3 revealed: how much do these "Microglia" really tell us?Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Screening-Identified Oxazole-4-Carboxamide KB-2777 Exhibits In Vitro Anti-Coronavirus Activity.Pharmaceutics · 2025Article
- Review
- Correlation of covid-19 and Guillain-Barré syndrome: A Mechanistic Perspective.Obesity medicine · 2023Review
- Facial nerve palsy: An early sign of COVID-19.Germs · 2023Article
- The Latest Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of COVID-19 on Non-Lung Organs.Brain sciences · 2023Review
- Review
- Immune Functions of Astrocytes in Viral Neuroinfections.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Possible Role of Matrix Metalloproteinases and TGF-β in COVID-19 Severity and Sequelae.Journal of interferon & cytokine research : the official journal of the International Society for Interferon and Cytokine Research · 2022Review
- Integrated CRISPR-Cas9 System-Mediated Knockout of IFN-γ and IFN-γ Receptor 1 in the Vero Cell Line Promotes Viral Susceptibility.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- A human coronavirus OC43-derived polypeptide causes neuropathic pain.EMBO reports · 2022Article
- Matrix metalloproteinases are involved in the development of neurological complications in patients with Coronavirus disease 2019.International immunopharmacology · 2021Article
- Neuropathies and neurological dysfunction induced by coronaviruses.Journal of neurovirology · 2021Review
- Neurological Involvement in COVID-19 and Potential Mechanisms: A Review.Neurocritical care · 2021Review
- Does COVID-19 contribute to development of neurological disease?Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2021Review
- COVID-19, Neuropathology, and Aging: SARS-CoV-2 Neurological Infection, Mechanism, and Associated Complications.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2021Article
- Neurological Consequences of SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Concurrence of Treatment-Induced Neuropsychiatric Adverse Events in COVID-19 Patients: Navigating the Uncharted.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune-mediated demyelinating disease that could be triggered by a viral infection. Coronaviruses induce an MS-like disease in rodents, are neuroinvasive in humans and can infect primary cultures of human astrocytes and microglia. Infection of the human astrocytic cell line U-373MG by the OC43 strain of human coronavirus caused an upregulation of IL-6, TNF-alpha, and MCP-1 mRNA expression. This virus also modulated the activity of matrix metalloproteinases-2 and -9 and augmented nitric oxide production in both U-373MG cells and the human microglial cell line CHME-5. Thus, a coronaviral infection of glial cells could lead to the production of inflammatory molecules that have been associated with central nervous system pathologies such as MS.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.