ArticleInfection and immunity2000
Characterization of a multigene family undergoing high-frequency DNA rearrangements and coding for abundant variable surface proteins in Mycoplasma agalactiae.
Article in Infection and immunity, 2000. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers.
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Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 84 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Serum Resistance ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Predominant Single Stable VpmaV Expression in Strain GM139 and Major Differences withAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2022Article
- Genomic Islands in Mycoplasmas.Genes · 2020Review
- Mycoplasmas under experimental antimicrobial selection: The unpredicted contribution of horizontal chromosomal transfer.PLoS genetics · 2019Article
- Variable Membrane Protein A of Flavescence Dorée Phytoplasma Binds the Midgut Perimicrovillar Membrane of Euscelidius variegatus and Promotes Adhesion to Its Epithelial Cells.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2018Article
- Mini-review: Strategies for Variation and Evolution of Bacterial Antigens.Computational and structural biotechnology journal · 2015Review
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- Role of the GapA and CrmA cytadhesins of Mycoplasma gallisepticum in promoting virulence and host colonization.Infection and immunity · 2013Article
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- Role of Vpma phase variation in Mycoplasma agalactiae pathogenesis.FEMS immunology and medical microbiology · 2012Article
- Comparative assessment of two commonly used commercial ELISA tests for the serological diagnosis of contagious agalactia of small ruminants caused by Mycoplasma agalactiae.BMC veterinary research · 2012Article
- Proteomics and pathway analyses of the milk fat globule in sheep naturally infected by Mycoplasma agalactiae provide indications of the in vivo response of the mammary epithelium to bacterial infection.Infection and immunity · 2011Article
- Ureaplasma antigenic variation beyond MBA phase variation: DNA inversions generating chimeric structures and switching in expression of the MBA N-terminal paralogue UU172.Molecular microbiology · 2011Article
- Complete genome sequence of Mycoplasma bovis type strain PG45 (ATCC 25523).Infection and immunity · 2011Article
- Xer1-mediated site-specific DNA inversions and excisions in Mycoplasma agalactiae.Journal of bacteriology · 2010Article
- The liposoluble proteome of Mycoplasma agalactiae: an insight into the minimal protein complement of a bacterial membrane.BMC microbiology · 2010Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
A family of abundant surface proteins (Vpmas [variable proteins of Mycoplasma agalactiae]) undergoing phase variation in M. agalactiae has been characterized using monoclonal antibodies and specific polyclonal sera. Two expressed members of 39 kDa (Vpma39) and 34 kDa (Vpma34), which varied in expression between clones of a lineage, shared a common amino-terminal sequence but were immunologically distinct. An amino-terminal oligonucleotide probe identified multiple vpma genes which were clustered within a 14-kb ClaI genomic fragment. Rearrangements were found to have occurred within the vpma locus between clones which correlated with changes in their Vpma phenotype. Two neighboring vpma genes were cloned and sequenced from one M. agalactiae clonal variant expressing Vpma39. The two genes, vpmaX and vpmaY, were orientated divergently and shared highly homologous 5' untranslated regions, 25-amino-acid (aa) lipoprotein leader sequences, and amino-terminal sequences. The vpmaY gene coded for 346 aa and 84% of the open reading frame, comprised of 1.5 units of a large repeat of 186 aa. Although the sequence for an entire second vpmaY repeat was present, it was prematurely terminated by insertion of two nucleotides. The vpmaX gene encoded 221 aa and possessed 102 aa of the 186-aa repeat of vpmaY. Many of the features in common between the vpma genes were also found to be shared by the vsp genes of M. bovis, which also undergo DNA rearrangements concomitant with phenotypic changes. Since M. bovis is the closest phylogenetic relative to M. agalactiae, the vpma and vsp gene families most probably represent homologous systems.
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