ArticleGut2000
Mechanisms of endotoxin tolerance in patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis: role of interleukin 10, interleukin 1 receptor antagonist, and soluble tumour necrosis factor receptors as well as effector cell desensitisation.
Article in Gut, 2000. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 65 citations in OpenAlex.
- Increased EMR2 expression on neutrophils correlates with disease severity and predicts overall mortality in cirrhotic patients.Scientific reports · 2016Trial
- Risk factor analysis and nomogram for predicting in-hospital mortality in ICU patients with sepsis and lung infection.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2022Article
- Expression of AXL receptor tyrosine kinase relates to monocyte dysfunction and severity of cirrhosis.Life science alliance · 2020Article
- Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells ameliorate liver injury in a rat model of sepsis by activating Nrf2 signaling.Histochemistry and cell biology · 2019Article
- The bile duct ligated rat: A relevant model to study muscle mass loss in cirrhosis.Metabolic brain disease · 2017Article
- Article
- Serum Immunoglobulin A (IgA) Level Is a Potential Biomarker Indicating Cirrhosis during Chronic Hepatitis B Infection.Gastroenterology research and practice · 2016Article
- Inflammatory status in human hepatic cirrhosis.World journal of gastroenterology · 2015Review
- Alcoholic hepatitis and HCV interactions in the modulation of liver disease.Journal of viral hepatitis · 2015Review
- Cytokine production in patients with cirrhosis and TLR4 polymorphisms.World journal of gastroenterology · 2014Article
- Attenuated antigen-specific T cell responses in cirrhosis are accompanied by elevated serum interleukin-10 levels and down-regulation of HLA-DR on monocytes.BMC gastroenterology · 2013Article
- Microbial translocation in chronic liver diseases.International journal of microbiology · 2012Article
- The transhepatic endotoxin gradient is present despite liver cirrhosis and is attenuated after transjugular portosystemic shunt (TIPS).BMC gastroenterology · 2011Article
- Impaired homocysteine transsulfuration is an indicator of alcoholic liver disease.Journal of hepatology · 2010Article
- ABCA1 promotes the efflux of bacterial LPS from macrophages and accelerates recovery from LPS-induced tolerance.Journal of lipid research · 2010Article
- Role of nutrition in the management of hepatic encephalopathy in end-stage liver failure.Journal of nutrition and metabolism · 2010Article
- Increased immunoglobulin A in alcoholic liver cirrhosis: exploring the response of B cells to Toll-like receptor 9 activation.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2009Article
- Host inactivation of bacterial lipopolysaccharide prevents prolonged tolerance following gram-negative bacterial infection.Cell host & microbe · 2008Article
- Gut flora and bacterial translocation in chronic liver disease.World journal of gastroenterology · 2006Review
- Expression of insulin-like growth factor 1 and insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor and its intervention by interleukin-10 in experimental hepatic fibrosis.World journal of gastroenterology · 2003Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundIn patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis, endotoxaemia is a frequent finding. Unknown mechanisms, however, prevent typical clinical symptoms of endotoxaemia in many patients.
methodsWe determined plasma levels of pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators, ex vivo cytokine secretion capacity, and expression of tumour necrosis factor (TNF) receptors on phagocytic blood cells in 49 patients with alcoholic cirrhosis and 41 age matched healthy controls.
resultsIn addition to increased levels of proinflammatory cytokines in cirrhotic patients, we observed consistent upregulation of the anti-inflammatory mediators interleukin 10 (IL-10) (plasma 15.75 (1. 6) v 6.6 (1.3) pg/ml (p<0.001); ex-vivo 108.4 (22.0) v 40.1 (7.4) pg/ml (p<0.05)), interleukin 1 receptor antagonist (plasma 527.1 (83) v 331.4 (56) pg/ml (p<0.05); ex vivo 19.9 (3.4) v 10.2 (2.7) ng/ml (p<0.01)), and soluble TNF receptors (sTNF-R) in plasma (sTNF-RI 3157.2 (506.2) v 607.9 (300.3) pg/ml; sTNF-RII 3331.0 (506. 2) v 1066.4 (225.1) pg/ml (p<0.001 for both)). Desensitisation at the target cell level was indicated by reduced expression of TNF receptor I on granulocytes (64.8 (6.5) v 40.1 (7.3)% positive cells; p<0.05) and unaltered plasma levels of soluble E-selectin.
conclusionIn patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis, upregulation of the pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine system and simultaneous desensitisation of effector cells could explain the restricted systemic inflammatory response to chronic endotoxaemia. This alteration in immune status may lead to impairment of host defences against infections which are frequent complications of alcoholic cirrhosis.
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