50 million years of chordate evolution: seeking the origins of adaptive immunity.

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

Who cites it

25 citing papers in PubMed.

1. Discontinuous genomic coding and paradigm shifts in molecular biology and immunology: revolutions via "normal science".Natural sciences (Weinheim, Germany) · 2026
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2. Quantitative Proteomics Reveals Fh15 as an Antagonist of TLR4 Downregulating the Activation of NF-κB, Inducible Nitric Oxide, Phagosome Signaling Pathways, and Oxidative Stress of LPS-Stimulated Macrophages.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025
   Article
3. Marine drugs · 2021
   Review
4. Diversity of Immunoglobulin (Ig) Isotypes and the Role of Activation-Induced Cytidine Deaminase (AID) in Fish.Molecular biotechnology · 2018
   Review
5. A proteome view of structural, functional, and taxonomic characteristics of major protein domain clusters.Scientific reports · 2017
   Article
6. Biochemical Regulatory Features of Activation-Induced Cytidine Deaminase Remain Conserved from Lampreys to Humans.Molecular and cellular biology · 2017
   Article
7. Skewed Exposure to Environmental Antigens Complements Hygiene Hypothesis in Explaining the Rise of Allergy.Acta biotheoretica · 2017
   Article
8. Evolution of the complement system: from defense of the single cell to guardian of the intravascular space.Immunological reviews · 2016
   Review
9. IgE and mast cells in host defense against parasites and venoms.Seminars in immunopathology · 2016
   Review
10. A brief journey through the immune system.Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN · 2015
    Review
11. Transcription factor networks directing the development, function, and evolution of innate lymphoid effectors.Annual review of immunology · 2015
    Review
12. Structure of the chicken CD3εδ/γ heterodimer and its assembly with the αβT cell receptor.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2014
    Article
13. Human skin in the game.Science translational medicine · 2013
    Article
14. The genome sequence of the colonial chordate, Botryllus schlosseri.eLife · 2013
    Article
15. The vigor of defense against non-self: potential superiority of allorestricted T cells in immunotherapy of cancer?Frontiers in oncology · 2013
    Article
16. Identification of Treg-like cells in Tetraodon: insight into the origin of regulatory T subsets during early vertebrate evolution.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2011
    Article
17. Multi-platform next-generation sequencing of the domestic turkey (Meleagris gallopavo): genome assembly and analysis.PLoS biology · 2010
    Article
18. A hypervariable invertebrate allodeterminant.Current biology : CB · 2009
    Article
19. Review series on helminths, immune modulation and the hygiene hypothesis: immunity against helminths and immunological phenomena in modern human populations: coevolutionary legacies?Immunology · 2009
    Review
20. Allorecognition and chimerism in an invertebrate model organism.Organogenesis · 2008
    Article

Corrections and comments

• Comment on
  Do lampreys have lymphocytes? The Spi evidence.2000

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

Abstract

PubMed holds no abstract for this paper.

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