ArticleInfection and immunity2000
In vitro cell invasion of Mycoplasma gallisepticum.
Article in Infection and immunity, 2000. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 63 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
63 citing papers in PubMed, 172 citations in OpenAlex.
- Eradication of Mycoplasma contamination in HeLa cells using neomycin resistance gene introduction and aminoglycoside G418 (Geneticin) treatment.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Serological evidence and risk factors ofOpen veterinary journal · 2025Article
- Immune Evasion ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Inflammatory responses and barrier disruption in the trachea of chicks following Mycoplasma gallisepticum infection: a focus on the TNF-α-NF-κB/MLCK pathway.Veterinary research · 2024Article
- Unveiling the stealthy tactics: mycoplasma's immune evasion strategies.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Review
- Article
- Eating the Enemy: Mycoplasma Strategies to Evade Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NETs) Promoting Bacterial Nucleotides Uptake and Inflammatory Damage.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- The expression of GapA and CrmA correlates with the Mycoplasma gallisepticum in vitro infection process in chicken TOCs.Veterinary research · 2022Article
- The Monitoring ofAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Article
- New Insights into the Host-Pathogen Interaction ofMicroorganisms · 2021Article
- Data on nucleoid-associated proteins isolated fromData in brief · 2021Article
- Incomplete autophagy promotes the replication of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae.Journal of microbiology (Seoul, Korea) · 2021Article
- A Review ofFrontiers in veterinary science · 2021Review
- Multiple differences in pathogen-host cell interactions following a bacterial host shift.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Article
- Transcriptional Regulation of gga-miR-451 by AhR:Arnt inInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2019Article
- Upregulated gga-miR-16-5p Inhibits the Proliferation Cycle and Promotes the Apoptosis ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2019Article
- Subversion of the Immune Response by Human Pathogenic Mycoplasmas.Frontiers in microbiology · 2019Review
- Up-Regulation of miR-130b-3p Activates the PTEN/PI3K/AKT/NF-κB Pathway to Defense againstInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2018Article
3 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The ability of the widespread avian pathogen Mycoplasma gallisepticum to invade cultured human epithelial cells (HeLa-229) and chicken embryo fibroblasts (CEF) was investigated by using the gentamicin invasion assay and a double immunofluorescence microscopic technique for accurate localization of cell-associated mycoplasmas. The presence of intracellular mycoplasmas in both cell lines was clearly demonstrated, with organisms entering the eukaryotic cells within 20 min. Internalized mycoplasmas have the ability to leave the cell, but also to survive within the intracellular space over a 48-h period. Frequencies of invasion were shown to differ between the two cell lines, but were also considerably dependent on the mycoplasma input population. Of the prototype strain R, a low-passage population in artificial medium, R(low), was capable of active cell invasion, while a high-passage population, R(high), showed adherence to but nearly no uptake into HeLa-229 and CEF. By passaging R(low) and R(high) multiple times through HeLa-229 cells, the invasion frequency was significantly increased. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that M. gallisepticum has the capability of entering nonphagocytic host cells that may provide this pathogen with the opportunity for resisting host defenses and selective antibiotic therapy, establishing chronic infections, and passing through the respiratory mucosal barrier to cause systemic infections.
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Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.