ArticleInfection and immunity2000
Low interleukin-12 activity in severe Plasmodium falciparum malaria.
Article in Infection and immunity, 2000. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 100 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
100 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 229 citations in OpenAlex.
- The prognostic and diagnostic value of intraleukocytic malaria pigment in patients with severe falciparum malaria.Nature communications · 2022Pooled it
- Low Interleukin-12 Levels concerning Severe Malaria: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Pooled it
- Distinct Helper T Cell Type 1 and 2 Responses Associated With Malaria Protection and Risk in RTS,S/AS01E Vaccinees.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2017Trial
- Reduced systemic bicyclo-prostaglandin-E2 and cyclooxygenase-2 gene expression are associated with inefficient erythropoiesis and enhanced uptake of monocytic hemozoin in children with severe malarial anemia.American journal of hematology · 2012Trial
- Trial
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- Early enhanced control ofbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- IFN-γ and IL-4 correlate with protection induced by an attenuated malaria vaccine.NPJ vaccines · 2025Article
- Hepatocytes and the art of killing Plasmodium softly.Trends in parasitology · 2024Review
- Host Genetic Impact on Infectious Diseases among Different Ethnic Groups.Advanced genetics (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2023Review
- The interleukin-10 family: Major regulators of the immune response againstSaudi journal of biological sciences · 2023Review
- Dysfunction of CD169Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
- The ability of Interleukin-10 to negate haemozoin-related pro-inflammatory effects has the potential to restore impaired macrophage function associated with malaria infection.Malaria journal · 2023Article
- Function and regulation of cGAS-STING signaling in infectious diseases.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- The Cross-Species Immunity During AcuteFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Article
- Article
- Gravidity-dependent associations between interferon response and birth weight in placental malaria.Malaria journal · 2020Article
- Circulating Cytokines Associated with Poor Pregnancy Outcomes in Beninese Exposed to Infection with Plasmodium falciparum.Infection and immunity · 2020Article
- Semisynthesis of Functional Glycosylphosphatidylinositol-Anchored Proteins.Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2020Article
- Human genetics and malaria resistance.Human genetics · 2020Review
40 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 6 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
We compared interleukin-12 (IL-12) and other cytokine activities during and after an acute clinical episode in a matched-pair case-control study of young African children who presented with either mild or severe Plasmodium falciparum malaria. The acute-phase, pretreatment plasma IL-12 and alpha interferon (IFN-alpha) levels, as well as the acute-phase mitogen-stimulated whole-blood production capacity of IL-12, were significantly lower in children with severe rather than mild malaria. IL-12 levels, in addition, showed strong inverse correlations both with parasitemia and with the numbers of circulating malaria pigment-containing neutrophils. Acute-phase plasma tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and IL-10 levels were significantly higher in those with severe malaria, and the concentrations of both of these cytokines were positively correlated both with parasitemia and with the numbers of pigment-containing phagocytes in the blood. Children with severe anemia had the highest levels of TNF in plasma. In all the children, the levels in plasma and production capacities of all cytokines normalized when they were healthy and parasite free. The results indicate that severe but not mild P. falciparum malaria in young, nonimmune African children is characterized by down-regulated IL-12 activity, contrasting markedly with the up-regulation of both TNF and IL-10 in the same children. A combination of disturbed phagocyte functions resulting from hemozoin consumption, along with reduced IFN-gamma responses, may contribute to these differential effects.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.