ReviewEnvironmental health perspectives2000
Identifying critical windows of exposure for children's health.
Review in Environmental health perspectives, 2000. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 235 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
235 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 565 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association between Maternal Lead Exposure from Seafood Consumption and Neurodevelopment: A Systematic Review.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2025Pooled it
- Relationship Between Outdoor Air Pollutant Exposure and Premature Delivery in China- Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.International journal of public health · 2023Pooled it
- Adverse Birth Outcomes Related to NOInternational journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Pooled it
- A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Associations between Green and Blue Spaces and Birth Outcomes.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Pooled it
- Environmental exposures and pediatric kidney function and disease: A systematic review.Environmental research · 2017Pooled it
- Association of arsenic with adverse pregnancy outcomes/infant mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Environmental health perspectives · 2015Pooled it
- Maternal exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and pregnancy outcomes: a meta-analysis.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2015Pooled it
- Childhood Adversities and the ATTACHInternational journal of environmental research and public health · 2024Trial
- Timing of exposure impacts how organophosphorus pesticides affect the developing brain in the planarian Dugesia japonica.Archives of toxicology · 2026Article
- Effects of Timing of Microbial Exposure on Microbiome Assembly and Amphibian Immune Development.Ecology and evolution · 2026Article
- Choline and Its Companions: Inter-Related Roles of Choline and B Vitamins in Fetal Development and Offspring Health.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Prenatal Exposure to Ambient Air Pollution and Fetal Growth Trajectories in Wuhan, China.Environmental health perspectives · 2026Article
- Time-Varying Exposure to Element Mixtures and Children's Cognition at 5 Years of Age: Findings from the New Hampshire Birth Cohort Study.Environmental health perspectives · 2026Article
- Fetal and postnatal metal metabolism-related changes in brain function are associated with childhood behavioral deficits.Science advances · 2026Article
- "I'd Probably Be Homeless": Basic Income Participants' Lived Experiences Related to Housing Stability, Health, and Wellbeing.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2026Article
- Population-Level Amplicon and Metagenomic Analyses Uncover Distinct Effects of Landscape-Level Pesticides on the Maternal Gut Microbiome.Environment & health (Washington, D.C.) · 2026Article
- Article
- Exposure to Metal Mixtures and Childhood Adiposity: An Examination of Periods of Heightened Susceptibility Between Gestation and Late Childhood.Pediatric obesity · 2025Article
- Silicone Ankle Bands as a Tool to Assess Infant Exposures to Semivolatile Organic Chemicals in Indoor Environments.Environmental science & technology letters · 2025Article
- The effect of climate anomalies and ambient air pollution on spontaneous miscarriage in Ghana: Evidence from a national cross-sectional survey.Environmental epidemiology (Philadelphia, Pa.) · 2025Article
175 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Several authors have considered the importance of exposure timing and how this affects the outcomes observed, but no one has systematically compiled preconceptional, prenatal, and postnatal developmental exposures and subsequent outcomes. Efforts were undertaken to examine the information available and to evaluate implications for risk assessment for several areas: a) respiratory and immune systems, b) reproductive system, c) nervous system, d) cardiovascular system, endocrine system, and general growth, and e) cancer. Major conclusions from a workshop on "Critical Windows of Exposure for Children's Health" included a) broad windows of sensitivity can be identified for many systems but detailed information is limited; b) cross-species comparisons of dose to target tissue and better data on the exposure-dose-outcome continuum are needed; c) increased interaction among scientific disciplines can further understanding by using laboratory animal results in designing epidemiological studies and human data to suggest specific laboratory studies on mechanisms and agent-target interactions; and d) thus far, only limited attention has been given to peripubertal/adolescent exposures, adult consequences of developmental exposures, and genome-environment interactions. More specific information on developmental windows will improve risk assessment by identifying the most sensitive window(s) for evaluation of dose-response relationships and exposure, evaluation of biological plausibility of research findings in humans, and comparison of data across species. In public health and risk management, information on critical windows may help identify especially susceptible subgroups for specific interventions.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.