ArticleInfection and immunity2000
Investigation into the mechanism of gamma interferon-mediated inhibition of Toxoplasma gondii in murine astrocytes.
Article in Infection and immunity, 2000. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 53 citations in OpenAlex.
- Toxoplasma gondii invasion and replication in astrocyte primary cultures and astrocytoma cell lines: systematic review of the literature.Parasitology research · 2012Pooled it
- Review
- New perspectives on heterogeneity in astrocyte reactivity in neuroinflammation.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2025Article
- Observing astrocyte polarization in brains from mouse chronically infected with Toxoplasma gondii.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- The molecular biology and immune control of chronic Toxoplasma gondii infection.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2020Review
- Review
- Role of IFN-γ and LPS on neuron/glial co-cultures infected by Neospora caninum.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2014Article
- Murine guanylate binding protein 2 (mGBP2) controls Toxoplasma gondii replication.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2013Article
- Toxoplasmosis.Handbook of clinical neurology · 2013Article
- Toxoplasma on the brain: understanding host-pathogen interactions in chronic CNS infection.Journal of parasitology research · 2012Article
- Communication between Toxoplasma gondii and its host: impact on parasite growth, development, immune evasion, and virulence.APMIS : acta pathologica, microbiologica, et immunologica Scandinavica · 2009Review
- Disruption of the Toxoplasma gondii parasitophorous vacuole by IFNgamma-inducible immunity-related GTPases (IRG proteins) triggers necrotic cell death.PLoS pathogens · 2009Article
- The gamma interferon (IFN-gamma)-inducible GTP-binding protein IGTP is necessary for toxoplasma vacuolar disruption and induces parasite egression in IFN-gamma-stimulated astrocytes.Infection and immunity · 2008Article
- Microarray analysis of IFN-gamma response genes in astrocytes.Journal of neuroimmunology · 2006Article
- Disruption of Toxoplasma gondii parasitophorous vacuoles by the mouse p47-resistance GTPases.PLoS pathogens · 2005Article
- Dendritic cells as effector cells: gamma interferon activation of murine dendritic cells triggers oxygen-dependent inhibition of Toxoplasma gondii replication.Infection and immunity · 2002Article
- Expression of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase, tryptophan degradation, and kynurenine formation during in vivo infection with Toxoplasma gondii: induction by endogenous gamma interferon and requirement of interferon regulatory factor 1.Infection and immunity · 2002Article
- Restriction of Toxoplasma gondii growth in human brain microvascular endothelial cells by activation of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase.Infection and immunity · 2001Article
- Gamma interferon-induced inhibition of Toxoplasma gondii in astrocytes is mediated by IGTP.Infection and immunity · 2001Article
- In vitro investigation of host resistance to Toxoplasma gondii infection in microglia of BALB/c and CBA/Ca mice.Infection and immunity · 2001Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular parasite that is a common opportunistic pathogen of the central nervous system in AIDS patients. Gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) alone or in combination with interleukin-1 (IL-1), IL-6, or tumor necrosis factor alpha significantly inhibits the growth of T. gondii in murine astrocytes, suggesting these are important nonimmune effector cells in the brain. Inhibition was found to be independent of a nitric oxide-mediated or tryptophan starvation mechanism. Both reactive oxygen intermediates and iron deprivation are IFN-gamma-mediated mechanisms known to operate against intracellular parasites in other cell types. Astrocytes generated from mice genetically deficient in the production of reactive oxygen intermediates (phox(-/-) mice) were found to inhibit growth of T. gondii when stimulated with IFN-gamma alone or in combination with other cytokines. The reactive oxygen inhibitor catalase and the reactive oxygen scavengers mannitol and thiourea failed to reverse the IFN-gamma-induced inhibition of T. gondii in astrocytes. These data indicate that IFN-gamma-induced inhibition in astrocytes is independent of reactive oxygen intermediates. IFN-gamma-induced inhibition could not be reversed by the addition of iron salts, ferric citrate, ferric nitrate, or ferric transferrin. Pretreatment of astrocytes with desferrioxamine also did not induce the inhibition of T. gondii. These data indicate that the mechanism of IFN-gamma inhibition was not due to iron deprivation. IFN-gamma had no effect on T. gondii invasion of astrocytes, but inhibition of growth and loss of tachyzoite vacuoles were evident in IFN-gamma-treated astrocytes by 24 h after invasion. Overall, these data suggest that IFN-gamma-activated astrocytes inhibit T. gondii by an as-yet-unknown mechanism.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.