SynthesisJournal of epidemiology and community health2000
The relation between alcohol and cardiovascular disease in Eastern Europe: explaining the paradox.
Synthesis in Journal of epidemiology and community health, 2000. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 66 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
66 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- The relationship between different dimensions of alcohol use and the burden of disease-an update.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2017Pooled it
- Guideline
- Pooled it
- Ischemic heart disease mortality and morbidity rates in former drinkers: a meta-analysis.American journal of epidemiology · 2011Pooled it
- JBS 2: Joint British Societies' guidelines on prevention of cardiovascular disease in clinical practice.Heart (British Cardiac Society) · 2005Guideline
- Lifestyle interventions for hypertension management in primary care: a narrative review.Ewha medical journal · 2025Article
- "The alcohol-harm paradox": Understanding socioeconomic inequalities in liver disease.JHEP reports : innovation in hepatology · 2025Review
- 2024 Guidelines of the Taiwan Society of Cardiology on the Primary Prevention of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease --- Part II.Acta Cardiologica Sinica · 2024Article
- Trends of alcohol-attributable deaths in Lithuania 2001-2021: epidemiology and policy conclusions.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Association between self-reported alcohol consumption and diastolic dysfunction: a cross-sectional study.BMJ open · 2023Observational
- Using Direct and Indirect Estimates for Alcohol-Attributable Mortality: A Modelling Study Using the Example of Lithuania.European addiction research · 2023Article
- 2023 Guidelines of the Taiwan Society of Cardiology on the Diagnosis and Management of Chronic Coronary Syndrome.Acta Cardiologica Sinica · 2023Article
- Alcohol and Cardiovascular Diseases-Do the Consumption Pattern and Dose Make the Difference?Journal of cardiovascular development and disease · 2022Review
- Causal assessment in evidence synthesis: A methodological review of reviews.Research synthesis methods · 2022Review
- 2022 Guidelines of the Taiwan Society of Cardiology and the Taiwan Hypertension Society for the Management of Hypertension.Acta Cardiologica Sinica · 2022Article
- Alcohol, cardiovascular disease and industry funding: A co-authorship network analysis of systematic reviews.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2021Article
- Heavy alcohol drinking and subclinical echocardiographic abnormalities of structure and function.Open heart · 2021Article
- Quantifying the contribution of established risk factors to cardiovascular mortality differences between Russia and Norway.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- [Binge drinking: the challenges of definition and its impact on health.]Revista espanola de salud publica · 2020Article
- Development of myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke after acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding.AME case reports · 2020Article
6 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundRecent evidence from Eastern Europe of a positive association between alcohol and cardiovascular disease has challenged the prevailing view that drinking is cardioprotective. Consuming amounts of alcohol comparable to those consumed in France has been linked to detrimental cardiovascular effects. One possibility is that this could be related to the particular consequences of binge drinking, which is common in Russia.
methodsA systematic review of literature on the relation between cardiovascular disease and heavy drinking and irregular (binge) drinking.
resultsMost existing reviews of the relation between alcohol and cardiovascular disease have examined the amount drunk per week or month and have not looked at the pattern of drinking. These have consistently shown that alcohol has a cardioprotective effect, even at high levels of consumption. In contrast, studies that have looked at pattern of drinking, either directly, or indirectly, using indicators such as frequency of hangovers or reports of the consequences of drunkenness, have consistently found an increased risk of cardiovascular death, particularly sudden death. A separate review of the physiological basis for a difference between regular heavy drinking and heavy binge drinking demonstrates that the two types of drinking have quite different effects.
conclusionAn association between binge drinking and cardiovascular death meets the standard criteria for causality. It is important that future studies of alcohol related harm examine the pattern of drinking as well as the amount drunk.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.