ArticleJournal of virology2000
Coreceptor competition for association with CD4 may change the susceptibility of human cells to infection with T-tropic and macrophagetropic isolates of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
Article in Journal of virology, 2000. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 49 citations in OpenAlex.
- HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein modulates CXCR4 clustering and dynamics on the T cell membrane.eLife · 2026Article
- Review
- CCR5/CD4/CXCR4 oligomerization prevents HIV-1 gp120IIIB binding to the cell surface.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2014Article
- Stochastic model of in-vivo X4 emergence during HIV infection: implications for the CCR5 inhibitor maraviroc.PloS one · 2012Article
- Mechanisms regulating chemokine receptor activity.Immunology · 2011Review
- New insights into the mechanisms whereby low molecular weight CCR5 ligands inhibit HIV-1 infection.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2011Article
- Accelerated immunodeficiency by anti-CCR5 treatment in HIV infection.PLoS computational biology · 2009Article
- Entry coreceptor use and fusion inhibitor T20 sensitivity of dual-tropic R5X4 HIV-1 in primary macrophage infection.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2008Article
- A haplotype of the human CXCR1 gene protective against rapid disease progression in HIV-1+ patients.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2007Article
- Productive infection of primary murine astrocytes, lymphocytes, and macrophages by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in culture.Journal of neurovirology · 2004Article
- Protecting from R5-tropic HIV: individual and combined effectiveness of a hammerhead ribozyme and a single-chain Fv antibody that targets CCR5.Gene therapy · 2004Article
- Potential role for CD63 in CCR5-mediated human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection of macrophages.Journal of virology · 2003Article
- Altering expression levels of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gp120-gp41 affects efficiency but not kinetics of cell-cell fusion.Journal of virology · 2002Article
- Regulation of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection, beta-chemokine production, and CCR5 expression in CD40L-stimulated macrophages: immune control of viral entry.Journal of virology · 2001Article
- Viral exploitation and subversion of the immune system through chemokine mimicry.Nature immunology · 2001Review
- Potent, broad-spectrum inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 by the CCR5 monoclonal antibody PRO 140.Journal of virology · 2001Article
- Cooperative subunit interactions within the oligomeric envelope glycoprotein of HIV-1: functional complementation of specific defects in gp120 and gp41.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2000Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The chemokine receptors CCR5 and CXCR4 were found to function in vivo as the principal coreceptors for M-tropic and T-tropic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) strains, respectively. Since many primary cells express multiple chemokine receptors, it was important to determine if the efficiency of virus-cell fusion is influenced not only by the presence of the appropriate coreceptor (CXCR4 or CCR5) but also by the levels of other coreceptors expressed by the same target cells. We found that in cells with low to medium surface CD4 density, coexpression of CCR5 and CXCR4 resulted in a significant reduction in the fusion with CXCR4 domain (X4) envelope-expressing cells and in their susceptibility to infection with X4 viruses. The inhibition could be reversed either by increasing the density of surface CD4 or by antibodies against the N terminus and second extracellular domains of CCR5. In addition, treatment of macrophages with a combination of anti-CCR5 antibodies or beta-chemokines increased their fusion with X4 envelope-expressing cells. Conversely, overexpression of CXCR4 compared with CCR5 inhibited CCR5-dependent HIV-dependent fusion in 3T3.CD4.401 cells. Thus, coreceptor competition for association with CD4 may occur in vivo and is likely to have important implications for the course of HIV type 1 infection, as well as for the outcome of coreceptor-targeted therapies.
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Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.