SynthesisThe Cochrane database of systematic reviews2000
Silver acetate for smoking cessation.
Synthesis in The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2000. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pharmacological interventions for smoking cessation: an overview and network meta-analysis.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2013Pooled it
- Silver acetate for smoking cessation.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2012Pooled it
- [Guidelines for smoking cessation - update 2010].Wiener klinische Wochenschrift · 2011Guideline
- Interventions for promoting smoking cessation during pregnancy.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2009Pooled it
- Aversive smoking for smoking cessation.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2004Pooled it
- Innovations in Chewable Formulations: The Novelty and Applications of 3D Printing in Drug Product Design.Pharmaceutics · 2022Review
- An algorithm for tailoring pharmacotherapy for smoking cessation: results from a Delphi panel of international experts.Tobacco control · 2009Article
- A review of smoking cessation interventions.MedGenMed : Medscape general medicine · 2005Review
- Metal-enhanced emission from indocyanine green: a new approach to in vivo imaging.Journal of biomedical optics · 2003Article
- Metal-Enhanced Fluorescence (MEF) Due to Silver Colloids on a Planar Surface: Potential Applications of Indocyanine Green to in Vivo Imaging.The journal of physical chemistry. A · 2003Article
- Effectiveness of interventions to help people stop smoking: findings from the Cochrane Library.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2000Review
Corrections and comments
- Updated by
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundSilver acetate produces an unpleasant taste when combined with cigarettes, thereby producing an aversive stimulus. It has been marketed in various forms with the aim of extinguishing the urge to smoke, by pairing the urge with an unpleasant stimulus.
objectivesThe aim of this review was to determine the effectiveness of silver acetate products (gum, lozenge, spray) in promoting smoking cessation. SEARCH STRATEGY: We searched the Cochrane Tobacco Addiction Group trials register. SELECTION CRITERIA: We included randomised trials of silver acetate for smoking cessation with reports of smoking status at least six months after the beginning of treatment. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: We extracted data in duplicate on the type of subjects, the dose and form of silver acetate, the outcome measures, method of randomisation, and completeness of follow-up. The main outcome measure was biochemically validated abstinence from smoking after at least six months follow-up in patients smoking at baseline. Subjects lost to follow-up were counted as continuing smokers. Where appropriate, we performed meta-analysis using a fixed effects model. MAIN
resultsTwo studies provided long-term follow-up data on patients randomised to silver acetate or placebo. In one of these studies, there was a third arm, randomised to 2mg nicotine gum. The combined odds ratio for quitting for silver acetate vs placebo was 1.05 (95% confidence interval 0.63 to 1.73). REVIEWER'S
conclusionsExisting trials show little evidence for a specific effect of silver acetate in promoting smoking cessation. The confidence intervals for the ratio are quite wide. However, the upper limit of the confidence intervals for a positive effect equates to an absolute increase in the smoking cessation rate of about 4%. Any effect of this agent is therefore likely to be smaller than nicotine replacement therapy. The lack of effect of silver acetate may reflect poor compliance with a treatment whose rationale is to create an unpleasant stimulus.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.