ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2000
A neuronal beta subunit (KCNMB4) makes the large conductance, voltage- and Ca2+-activated K+ channel resistant to charybdotoxin and iberiotoxin.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2000. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 193 papers.
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Who cites it
193 citing papers in PubMed, 375 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pharmacological Relevance of β-, γ-, and LINGO Auxiliary Subunits in BK Channel Modulation.ChemMedChem · 2026Review
- Evidence for Potentiation of M-Type Potassium Current by Flavonoid Corylin (3-(2,2-Dimethylchromen-6-yl)-7-hydroxychromen-4-one).Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- PRMT5 upregulates KCNMB4 expression via histone methylation to promote paclitaxel resistance in advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma.Cell death & disease · 2026Article
- β2 and β3a regulatory subunits can coassemble in the same BK channels.The Journal of general physiology · 2026Article
- From venom peptides to neurotherapeutics: BmK defensins and short-chain peptides as modulators of ion channels.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- Review
- Smooth muscle of the lower urinary tract: BK-RyR coupling in physiology and pathophysiology.Journal of muscle research and cell motility · 2025Review
- Role of BK channels and Kv4.2 channels in the electrophysiological properties of Merkel cells in rat whisker hair follicles.Journal of neurophysiology · 2025Article
- Limosilactobacillus reuteri enables oral-to-systemic absorption of iberiotoxin for treatment of collagen-induced arthritis in rats.Microbial cell factories · 2025Article
- SNP associations in the L-citrulline metabolic pathway and vascular aging in the Japanese population.PloS one · 2025Article
- Article
- Redox Regulation of KAntioxidants & redox signaling · 2024Review
- Subunit-specific inhibition of BK channels by piperine.Biophysical journal · 2024Article
- Challenges in the Therapeutic Targeting of KCa Channels: From Basic Physiology to Clinical Applications.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Large conductance voltage-and calcium-activated KFrontiers in pharmacology · 2024Review
- Neuroprotection in an Experimental Model of Multiple Sclerosis via Opening of Big Conductance, Calcium-Activated Potassium Channels.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- CaInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Ion channels and channelopathies in glomeruli.Physiological reviews · 2023Review
- Mapping the functional expression of auxiliary subunits of KScientific reports · 2022Article
- Development of charybdotoxin Q18F variant as a selective peptide blocker of neuronal BK(α + β4) channel for the treatment of epileptic seizures.Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society · 2022Article
133 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Large conductance voltage and Ca(2+)-activated K(+) (MaxiK) channels couple intracellular Ca(2+) with cellular excitability. They are composed of a pore-forming alpha subunit and modulatory beta subunits. The pore blockers charybdotoxin (CTx) and iberiotoxin (IbTx), at nanomolar concentrations, have been invaluable in unraveling MaxiK channel physiological role in vertebrates. However in mammalian brain, CTx-insensitive MaxiK channels have been described [Reinhart, P. H., Chung, S. & Levitan, I. B. (1989) Neuron 2, 1031-1041], but their molecular basis is unknown. Here we report a human MaxiK channel beta-subunit (beta4), highly expressed in brain, which renders the MaxiK channel alpha-subunit resistant to nanomolar concentrations of CTx and IbTx. The resistance of MaxiK channel to toxin block, a phenotype conferred by the beta4 extracellular loop, results from a dramatic ( approximately 1,000 fold) slowdown of the toxin association. However once bound, the toxin block is apparently irreversible. Thus, unusually high toxin concentrations and long exposure times are necessary to determine the role of "CTx/IbTx-insensitive" MaxiK channels formed by alpha + beta4 subunits.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.