ArticleInfection and immunity2000
In situ production of gamma interferon, interleukin-4, and tumor necrosis factor alpha mRNA in human lung tuberculous granulomas.
Article in Infection and immunity, 2000. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers.
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Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 114 citations in OpenAlex.
- Unravelling the transcriptome of the human tuberculosis lesion and its clinical implications.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Role of Tumor Necrosis Factor in Tuberculosis.Biomolecules · 2025Review
- Imaging the Architecture of Granulomas Induced by Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection with Single-molecule Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2024Article
- Reappraising the Role of T Cell-Derived IFN-γ in Restriction of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the Murine Lung.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2024Article
- Re-appraising the role of T-cell derived interferon gamma in restriction ofbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Evaluation of ELISA and PCR in parallel to single intradermal cervical tuberculin test (SICT) for diagnosis of tuberculosis in buffaloes.Tropical animal health and production · 2021Article
- The evaluation of interleukin-4 and interleukin-13 in the serum of pulmonary sarcoidosis and tuberculosis patients.Journal of research in medical sciences : the official journal of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences · 2020Article
- The impact of the number of tuberculin skin test reactors and infection confirmation on the risk of future bovine tuberculosis incidents; a Northern Ireland perspective.Epidemiology and infection · 2018Observational
- Nanoparticle-Formulated Curcumin Prevents Posttherapeutic Disease Reactivation and Reinfection withFrontiers in immunology · 2017Article
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis Zinc Metalloprotease-1 Assists Mycobacterial Dissemination in Zebrafish.Frontiers in microbiology · 2016Article
- A Mutation in IL4RA Is Associated with the Degree of Pathology in Human TB Patients.Mediators of inflammation · 2016Article
- Use of siRNA molecular beacons to detect and attenuate mycobacterial infection in macrophages.World journal of experimental medicine · 2015Review
- Variability in tuberculosis granuloma T cell responses exists, but a balance of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines is associated with sterilization.PLoS pathogens · 2015Article
- Simultaneous inhibition of T helper 2 and T regulatory cell differentiation by small molecules enhances Bacillus Calmette-Guerin vaccine efficacy against tuberculosis.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2014Article
- The IL-13/IL-4Rα axis is involved in tuberculosis-associated pathology.The Journal of pathology · 2014Article
- Small molecule-directed immunotherapy against recurrent infection by Mycobacterium tuberculosis.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2014Article
- Kinetics of IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha gene expression and their relationship with disease progression after infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis in guinea pigs.Yonsei medical journal · 2013Article
- Article
- An important role of prostanoid receptor EP2 in host resistance to Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in mice.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2012Article
- Th1-Th2 polarisation and autophagy in the control of intracellular mycobacteria by macrophages.Veterinary immunology and immunopathology · 2009Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Human tuberculous granulomas from five adults undergoing surgery for hemoptysis were analyzed by nonradioactive in situ hybridization for tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), gamma interferon (IFN-gamma), and interleukin-4 (IL-4) gene expression. All of the patients produced TNF-alpha mRNA. Three patients stained positive for both IFN-gamma and IL-4 mRNA; the other two stained positive for IFN-gamma but not IL-4 mRNA. Heterogeneity between the granulomas was observed in those patients staining positive for both IFN-gamma and IL-4 mRNA; these patients exhibited granulomas having IFN-gamma and not IL-4 mRNA as well as granulomas positive for both cytokine mRNAs. There was no evidence of caseation in these granulomas, and the cytokine patterns may represent events in the evolution of the granuloma. However, in those granulomas exhibiting caseous necrosis, very little IFN-gamma or IL-4 mRNA was observed, implying that progression of the granuloma is accompanied by a down regulation of T-cell responses. TNF-alpha mRNA expression was highest in patients with both IFN-gamma and IL-4 mRNA. Populations of CD68 positive macrophage-like cells within the granulomas produce mRNA for TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma, and IL-4. This implies that macrophages within the tuberculous granuloma may not be dependent on T-cell cytokines for modulation of their function but may be able to regulate their own activation state and that of the surrounding T cells. These findings have implications on the delivery of immunotherapies to patients with tuberculosis.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.