ReviewPhysiological reviews2000
Synaptic control of motoneuronal excitability.
Review in Physiological reviews, 2000. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 243 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
243 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 592 citations in OpenAlex.
- Structural and pathophysiological muscle changes up to one year after post-stroke hemiplegia: a systematic review.European journal of physical and rehabilitation medicine · 2023Pooled it
- Effect ofNutrients · 2026Trial
- Effects of Multi-Ingredient Preworkout Supplementation across a Five-Day Resistance and Endurance Training Microcycle in Middle-Aged Adults.Nutrients · 2020Trial
- Does trans-spinal direct current stimulation alter phrenic motoneurons and respiratory neuromechanical outputs in humans? A double-blind, sham-controlled, randomized, crossover study.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2014Trial
- Serotonin transporter gene variation impacts innate fear processing: Acoustic startle response and emotional startle.Molecular psychiatry · 2006Trial
- Descending Brainstem Systems Contribute to Ankle Clonus in Humans with Spinal Cord Injury.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2026Article
- Targeting Hypoglossal Neurobiology in the Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea: The Emergence of Aroxybutynin-Atomoxetine (AD109).Brain sciences · 2026Article
- Mechanisms of upper airway muscle control in sleep reveal therapeutic targets for obstructive sleep apnea.American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology · 2026Review
- Enhanced Reticulospinal Output in Subacute Spinal Cord Injury Patients with Spasticity.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2026Article
- Spinal motoneuron excitability is homeostatically regulated through β-adrenergic neuromodulation in wild-type and presymptomatic SOD1 mice.Progress in neurobiology · 2026Article
- Automating population construction and parallel simulation of biophysical models for neuromuscular cells: An inverse approach.PLoS computational biology · 2026Article
- The Influence of Vasopressor-Induced Arterial Blood Pressure Elevation on Muscle-Recorded Motor Evoked Potentials.Anesthesia and analgesia · 2026Observational
- Restoring early postnatal synaptic dysregulation rescues motor neuron degeneration in a mouse model of Spinal and Bulbar Muscular Atrophy.Nature communications · 2026Article
- The Calcium-Binding Protein S100A10 (p11) Is Required for Normal Motor Performance by Regulating Vesicle Dynamics at Excitatory Synapses.Acta physiologica (Oxford, England) · 2026Article
- An endogenous cholinergic system controls electrical conduction in the heart.European heart journal · 2025Article
- Can non-invasive motor unit analysis reveal distinct neural strategies of force production in young with uncomplicated type 1 diabetes?European journal of applied physiology · 2025Article
- Loss of postnatal Arx transcriptional activity in parvalbumin interneurons reveals non-cell autonomous disturbances in CA1 pyramidal cells.Neuroscience · 2024Article
- Brain MRI Biomarkers in Isolated Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Behavior Disorder: Where Are We? A Systematic Review.Brain sciences · 2023Review
- The Serotonergic System and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: A Review of Current Evidence.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2023Review
- Optical and pharmacological manipulation of hypoglossal motor nucleus identifies differential effects of taltirelin on sleeping tonic motor activity and responsiveness.Scientific reports · 2023Article
183 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Movement, the fundamental component of behavior and the principal extrinsic action of the brain, is produced when skeletal muscles contract and relax in response to patterns of action potentials generated by motoneurons. The processes that determine the firing behavior of motoneurons are therefore important in understanding the transformation of neural activity to motor behavior. Here, we review recent studies on the control of motoneuronal excitability, focusing on synaptic and cellular properties. We first present a background description of motoneurons: their development, anatomical organization, and membrane properties, both passive and active. We then describe the general anatomical organization of synaptic input to motoneurons, followed by a description of the major transmitter systems that affect motoneuronal excitability, including ligands, receptor distribution, pre- and postsynaptic actions, signal transduction, and functional role. Glutamate is the main excitatory, and GABA and glycine are the main inhibitory transmitters acting through ionotropic receptors. These amino acids signal the principal motor commands from peripheral, spinal, and supraspinal structures. Amines, such as serotonin and norepinephrine, and neuropeptides, as well as the glutamate and GABA acting at metabotropic receptors, modulate motoneuronal excitability through pre- and postsynaptic actions. Acting principally via second messenger systems, their actions converge on common effectors, e.g., leak K(+) current, cationic inward current, hyperpolarization-activated inward current, Ca(2+) channels, or presynaptic release processes. Together, these numerous inputs mediate and modify incoming motor commands, ultimately generating the coordinated firing patterns that underlie muscle contractions during motor behavior.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.