ArticleJournal of virology2000
Infection of primary human monocytes by Epstein-Barr virus.
Article in Journal of virology, 2000. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 63 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
63 citing papers in PubMed.
- Gammaherpesvirus infection of myeloid cells reveals divergent outcomes regulated by host and viral factors.iScience · 2026Article
- HIGH DOSE GAMMAHERPESVIRUS INFECTION IN MACROPHAGES RESULTS IN INFLAMMATORY MULTIMODAL CELL DEATH.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Immune landscape of the affected brain in Rasmussen encephalitis.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Impact of epstein-barr virus reactivation on cytokine levels in pregnant women with malaria in the west region of cameroon.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Latent EBV enhances the efficacy of anti-CD3 mAb in Type 1 diabetes.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Epstein-Barr Viruses: Their Immune Evasion Strategies and Implications for Autoimmune Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Understanding the Mode of Action of a Micro-Immunotherapy Formulation: Pre-Clinical Evidence from the Study of 2LEBVLife (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Epstein-Barr virus: the mastermind of immune chaos.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Molecular Pathogenesis of Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Associated Disease of Oropharyngeal Mucosal Epithelium.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- Epstein-Barr Virus History and Pathogenesis.Viruses · 2023Review
- The innate and T-cell mediated immune response during acute and chronic gammaherpesvirus infection.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Review
- Antiviral Innate Immune Responses in Autoimmunity: Receptors, Pathways, and Therapeutic Targeting.Biomedicines · 2022Review
- Stress-Induced Epstein-Barr Virus Reactivation.Biomolecules · 2021Review
- Innate Immune Modulation Induced by EBV Lytic Infection Promotes Endothelial Cell Inflammation and Vascular Injury in Scleroderma.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Observational
- Targeting Host Cellular Factors as a Strategy of Therapeutic Intervention for Herpesvirus Infections.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2021Review
- The Tumor Microenvironment in Post-Transplant Lymphoproliferative Disorders.Cancer microenvironment : official journal of the International Cancer Microenvironment Society · 2019Review
- EBV reduces autophagy, intracellular ROS and mitochondria to impair monocyte survival and differentiation.Autophagy · 2019Article
- Article
- EBNA1-targeted inhibitors: Novel approaches for the treatment of Epstein-Barr virus-associated cancers.Theranostics · 2018Review
- Epstein-Barr Virus Epidemiology, Serology, and Genetic Variability of LMP-1 Oncogene Among Healthy Population: An Update.Frontiers in oncology · 2018Review
3 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Previous studies have reported that infection of monocytes by viruses such as cytomegalovirus and human immunodeficiency virus weakens host natural immunity. In the present study, we demonstrated the capability of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) to infect and replicate in freshly isolated human monocytes. Using electron microscopy analysis, we observed the presence of EBV virions in the cytoplasm and nuclei of approximately 20% of monocytes. This was confirmed by Southern blot analysis of EBV genomic DNA sequences in isolated nuclei from monocytes. Infection of monocytes by EBV leads to the activation of the replicative cycle. This was supported by the detection of immediate-early lytic mRNA BZLF-1 transcripts, and by the presence of two early lytic transcripts (BALF-2, which appears to function in DNA replication, and BHRF-1, also associated with the replicative cycle). The late lytic BcLF-1 transcripts, which code for the major nucleocapsid protein, were also detected, as well as EBNA-1 transcripts. However, attempts to detect EBNA-2 transcripts have yielded negative results. Viral replication was also confirmed by the release of newly synthesized infectious viral particles in supernatants of EBV-infected monocytes. EBV-infected monocytes were found to have significantly reduced phagocytic activity, as evaluated by the quantification of ingested carboxylated fluoresceinated latex beads. Taken together, our results suggest that EBV infection of monocytes and alteration of their biological functions might represent a new mechanism to disrupt the immune response and promote viral propagation during the early stages of infection.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.