ArticleBritish journal of cancer2000
Number of apoptotic cells as a prognostic marker in invasive breast cancer.
Article in British journal of cancer, 2000. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed.
- Immune cell changes following chemotherapy in advanced pancreatic cancer with variations based on gender.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Messages from Beyond the Grave: How Can Drosophila Help Us Understand the Consequences of Apoptosis?Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2025Review
- Bioproduced Nanoparticles Deliver Multiple Cargoes via Targeted Tumor Therapy In Vivo.ACS omega · 2024Article
- An optimised patient-derived explant platform for breast cancer reflects clinical responses to chemotherapy and antibody-directed therapy.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Significance of RCC2, Rac1 and p53 Expression in Breast Infiltrating Ductal Carcinoma; An Immunohistochemical Study.Iranian journal of pathology · 2024Article
- Cell death, therapeutics, and the immune response in cancer.Trends in cancer · 2023Review
- Targeting Angiogenesis via Resolution of Inflammation.Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine · 2023Review
- COVID-19 and cancer: start the resolution!Cancer metastasis reviews · 2022Review
- Efferocytosis drives myeloid NLRP3 dependent inflammasome signaling secretion of IL-1β to promote tumor growth.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Apoptosis inhibition restrains primary malignant traits in differentFrontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2022Article
- Mertk: An emerging target in cancer biology and immuno-oncology.International review of cell and molecular biology · 2022Article
- Eicosanoid regulation of debris-stimulated metastasis.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2021Article
- Debris-stimulated tumor growth: a Pandora's box?Cancer metastasis reviews · 2021Review
- Review
- Do TUNEL and Other Apoptosis Assays Detect Cell Death in Preclinical Studies?International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- Resolution of eicosanoid/cytokine storm prevents carcinogen and inflammation-initiated hepatocellular cancer progression.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2020Article
- Chemotherapy-generated cell debris stimulates colon carcinoma tumor growth via osteopontin.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2019Article
- Two Sides of the Same Coin - Compensatory Proliferation in Regeneration and Cancer.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2019Review
- Activating the Nucleic Acid-Sensing Machinery for Anticancer Immunity.International review of cell and molecular biology · 2019Review
- Resolvins suppress tumor growth and enhance cancer therapy.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Apoptosis plays an important role in tumorigenesis. Tumour growth is determined by the rate of cell proliferation and cell death. We counted the number of apoptotic cells in haematoxylin and eosin (H&E)-stained tumour sections in series of 172 grade I and II invasive breast cancers with long-term follow-up. The number of apoptotic cells in ten high-power fields were converted to the number of apoptotic cells per mm2 to obtain the apoptotic index (AI). The AI showed a positive correlation to the mitotic activity index (MAI) (P = 0.0001), histological grade (P < 0.0001) and worse tumour differentiation. Patients with high AI showed shorter overall survival than patients with low AI in the total group as well as in the lymph node-positive group. Tumour size, MAI, lymph node status and AI were independent prognostic indicators in multivariate analysis. The AI was shown to be of additional prognostic value to the MAI in the total patients group as well as in the lymph node-positive group. The correlation between the AI and the MAI points to linked mechanisms of apoptosis and proliferation. Since apoptotic cells can be counted with good reproducibility in H&E-stained tumour sections, the AI may be used as an additional prognostic indicator in invasive breast cancer.
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Registered trials
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