Trial reportThorax2000
Diagnosis of pneumococcal pneumonia by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in whole blood: a prospective clinical study.
Trial report in Thorax, 2000. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 94 citations in OpenAlex.
- The role of Streptococcus pneumoniae in community-acquired pneumonia among adults in Europe: a meta-analysis.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2013Pooled it
- Guidelines for the management of adult lower respiratory tract infections--full version.Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases · 2011Guideline
- PCR using blood for diagnosis of invasive pneumococcal disease: systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2010Pooled it
- Guideline
- The Global, Regional, and National Burden of Lower Respiratory Infections Caused byHealthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Evolving Understanding of the Causes of Pneumonia in Adults, With Special Attention to the Role of Pneumococcus.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2017Review
- Sustained-release synthetic biomarkers for monitoring thrombosis and inflammation using point-of-care compatible readouts.Advanced functional materials · 2016Article
- Development of a rapid recombinase polymerase amplification assay for the detection of Streptococcus pneumoniae in whole blood.BMC infectious diseases · 2015Article
- Standardisation and evaluation of a quantitative multiplex real-time PCR assay for the rapid identification ofPneumonia (Nathan Qld.) · 2015Article
- Diagnosis of pneumococcal pneumonia: current pitfalls and the way forward.Infection & chemotherapy · 2013Review
- Non-culture-based methods to diagnose bloodstream infection: Does it work?European journal of microbiology & immunology · 2013Article
- Screening of pneumococcal pneumonia by amplification of pneumolysin gene in children visiting hospitals in lahore, pakistan.Iranian journal of pediatrics · 2012Article
- Estimating the proportion of pneumonia attributable to pneumococcus in Kenyan adults: latent class analysis.Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2010Article
- Development of a novel DNA microarray to detect bacterial pathogens in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).Journal of microbiological methods · 2010Article
- Streptococcus pneumoniae DNA load in blood as a marker of infection in patients with community-acquired pneumonia.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2009Article
- Legionella pneumophila DNA in serum samples during Legionnaires' disease in relation to C-reactive protein levels.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2009Article
- Diagnosis of Streptococcus pneumoniae infections in adults with bacteremia and community-acquired pneumonia: clinical comparison of pneumococcal PCR and urinary antigen detection.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2009Article
- Detection of 11 common viral and bacterial pathogens causing community-acquired pneumonia or sepsis in asymptomatic patients by using a multiplex reverse transcription-PCR assay with manual (enzyme hybridization) or automated (electronic microarray) detection.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2008Article
- Quantitative PCR assay using sputum samples for rapid diagnosis of pneumococcal pneumonia in adult emergency department patients.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2005Article
- [Guidelines for the management of community pneumonia in adult who needs hospitalization].Medicina intensiva · 2005Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundStreptococcus pneumoniae is the leading cause of community acquired pneumonia; however, only a small proportion of cases can be detected by conventional methods. The ability of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test performed on whole blood samples to identify patients with pneumococcal pneumonia was investigated.
methodsOne hundred and fourteen consecutive adult patients with community acquired pneumonia were evaluated by a wide battery of diagnostic tests in order to determine the aetiology. Blood samples from these patients and 50 controls were also tested by the nested PCR test to detect selected pneumolysin gene fragments of S pneumoniae.
resultsThe patients were divided into four groups: (1) 40 patients with pneumococcal pneumonia in 22 of whom (55%) the PCR was positive (eight of 11 with bacteraemia and 14 of 29 without); (2) 30 with pneumonia due to other pathogens in all of whom the PCR was negative; (3) 44 with pneumonia of unknown aetiology in 14 of whom (32%) PCR was positive, and (4) 50 controls in whom the PCR test was positive in two (4%). Thus, the sensitivity of the test was 55% and the specificity 100% (81% if positive PCR tests among undiagnosed patients are considered as false positive results).
conclusionPCR applied to whole blood samples appears to be a sensitive and very specific diagnostic test for identifying patients with pneumococcal pneumonia with a potential application in clinical practice.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.