ArticleInfection and immunity2000
Intranasal immunization of mice with a mixture of the pneumococcal proteins PsaA and PspA is highly protective against nasopharyngeal carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae.
Article in Infection and immunity, 2000. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 134 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
134 citing papers in PubMed, 307 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trial
- Human nasal challenge with Streptococcus pneumoniae is immunising in the absence of carriage.PLoS pathogens · 2012Trial
- Biofilm formation during pneumococcal carriage imprints naturally acquired humoral immunity.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Article
- Biofilm formation during pneumococcal carriage imprints naturally acquired humoral immunity.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Review
- Intranasal influenza-vectored vaccine expressing pneumococcal surface protein A protects against Influenza and Streptococcus pneumoniae infections.NPJ vaccines · 2024Article
- Article
- Biological puzzles solved by usingJournal of bacteriology · 2024Review
- IL-27 regulates the differentiation of follicular helper NKT cells via metabolic adaptation of mitochondria.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
- Otitis media: recent advances in otitis media vaccine development and model systems.Frontiers in microbiology · 2024Review
- Trivalent immunization with metal-binding proteins confers protection against enterococci in a mouse infection model.FEMS microbes · 2024Article
- Recent progress in pneumococcal protein vaccines.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- In silico designing of a novel epitope-based candidate vaccine against Streptococcus pneumoniae with introduction of a new domain of PepO as adjuvant.Journal of translational medicine · 2022Article
- A Jack of All Trades: The Role of Pneumococcal Surface Protein A in the Pathogenesis ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Review
- Non-capsular based immunization approaches to preventFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Review
- Diverse Mechanisms of Protective Anti-Pneumococcal Antibodies.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Review
- Virulence factors ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2022Review
- Polymeric Caffeic Acid Acts as a Nasal Vaccine Formulation againstPharmaceutics · 2021Article
- Review
74 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Acquisition of pneumococci is generally from carriers rather than from infected individuals. Therefore, to induce herd immunity against Streptococcus pneumoniae it will be necessary to elicit protection against carriage. Capsular polysaccharide-protein conjugates, PspA, and PsaA are known to elicit some protection against nasopharyngeal carriage of pneumococci but do not always completely eliminate carriage. In this study, we observed that PsaA elicited better protection than did PspA against carriage. Pneumolysin elicited no protection against carriage. Immunization with a mixture of PsaA and PspA elicited the best protection against carriage. These results indicate that PspA and PsaA may be useful for the elicitation of herd immunity in humans. As PspA and pneumolysin are known to elicit immunity to bacteremia and pneumonia, their inclusion in a mucosal vaccine may enable such a vaccine to prevent invasive disease as well as carriage.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.