ArticleAmerican journal of human genetics2000
Laws restricting health insurers' use of genetic information: impact on genetic discrimination.
Article in American journal of human genetics, 2000. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed.
- Fear of health insurance loss among individuals at risk for Huntington disease.American journal of medical genetics. Part A · 2008Trial
- The dis-economy of precision medicine: how stratification multiplies social tension in healthcare systems.Medicine, health care, and philosophy · 2026Article
- Ethical Challenges in Pediatric Oncology Care and Clinical Trials.Recent results in cancer research. Fortschritte der Krebsforschung. Progres dans les recherches sur le cancer · 2021Article
- Genetics and the Gynecologic Patient.Ochsner journal · 2020Review
- Reconceptualizing harms and benefits in the genomic age.Personalized medicine · 2018Article
- Predictive Psychiatric Genetic Testing in Minors: An Exploration of the Non-Medical Benefits.Journal of bioethical inquiry · 2018Article
- Review
- REFUTING THE RIGHT NOT TO KNOW.Journal of health care law & policy · 2017Article
- Attitudes and practices among internists concerning genetic testing.Journal of genetic counseling · 2013Article
- Perception, experience, and response to genetic discrimination in Huntington's disease: the Australian results of The International RESPOND-HD study.Genetic testing and molecular biomarkers · 2013Article
- Consumer awareness and attitudes about insurance discrimination post enactment of the Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act.Familial cancer · 2012Article
- Article
- Evolving perspectives on genetic discrimination in health insurance among health care providers.Familial cancer · 2010Article
- Views of discrimination among individuals confronting genetic disease.Journal of genetic counseling · 2010Article
- Ethical and legal implications of cancer genetic testing: do physicians have a duty to warn patients' relatives about possible genetic risks?Journal of oncology practice · 2008Article
- Genetic counseling and testing for common hereditary breast cancer syndromes: a paper from the 2007 William Beaumont hospital symposium on molecular pathology.The Journal of molecular diagnostics : JMD · 2008Review
- Is GINA worth the wait?The Journal of law, medicine & ethics : a journal of the American Society of Law, Medicine & Ethics · 2008Article
- Risk assessment and genetic counseling for hereditary breast and ovarian cancer: recommendations of the National Society of Genetic Counselors.Journal of genetic counseling · 2007Review
- Hereditary breast cancer in Jews.Familial cancer · 2004Review
- An investigation of genetic counselors' discussion of genetic discrimination with cancer risk patients.Journal of genetic counseling · 2003Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Since 1991, 28 states have enacted laws that prohibit insurers' use of genetic information in pricing, issuing, or structuring health insurance. This article evaluates whether these laws reduce the extent of genetic discrimination by health insurers. From the data collected at multiple sites, we find that there are almost no well-documented cases of health insurers either asking for or using presymptomatic genetic test results in their underwriting decisions, either (a) before or after these laws have been enacted or (b) in states with or without these laws. By using both in-person interviews with insurers and a direct market test, we found that a person with a serious genetic condition who is presymptomatic faces little or no difficulty in obtaining health insurance. Furthermore, there are few indications that the degree of difficulty varies according to whether a state regulates the use of genetic information. Nevertheless, these laws have made it less likely that insurers will use genetic information in the future. Although insurers and agents are only vaguely aware of these laws, the laws have shaped industry norms and attitudes about the legitimacy of using this information.
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Registered trials
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