ArticleJournal of virology2000
A recombinant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 envelope glycoprotein complex stabilized by an intermolecular disulfide bond between the gp120 and gp41 subunits is an antigenic mimic of the trimeric virion-associated structure.
Article in Journal of virology, 2000. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 348 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
348 citing papers in PubMed, 528 citations in OpenAlex.
- Improved VSV-Ebola-GP booster vaccination approach promotes antibody affinity maturation and durable anti-Ebola immunity in humans.Nature immunology · 2026Trial
- HIV-1 Env Heterogeneity: Cleavage, Trafficking, and Antigenic Consequences for Virions and Infected Cells.Viruses · 2026Review
- Antiviral activity of non-neutralizing antibodies during steady-state HIV-1 infection in humanized mice.iScience · 2026Article
- Recent advances in HIV-1 envelope-based vaccine designs for guiding broadly neutralizing antibody response.Journal of virology · 2026Review
- Comprehensive analysis of gp120 glycosylation to explore differences between transmitter/founder and chronic HIV-1 isolates.Glycobiology · 2026Article
- Local antibody feedback enforces a checkpoint on affinity maturation in the germinal center and promotes epitope spreading.Immunity · 2026Article
- A Mammalian Surface Display Platform to Optimize the Antigenicity of Viral Proteins for Vaccine Design.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Structure of HIV-1 Env glycoprotein on virions reveals an alternative fusion subunit organization and native membrane coupling.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Antibody feedback establishes an affinity brake in the germinal center.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- A modification to heptad repeat 1 of gp41 improves yield and/or quality of soluble pre-fusion HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein trimers.Journal of virology · 2025Article
- Accelerated cGMP production of near-native HIV-1 Env trimers following electroporation transfection and immunogenicity analysis.NPJ vaccines · 2025Article
- Macropinosomes are a site of HIV-1 entry into primary CD4Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Antigen persistence and TLR stimulation contribute to induction of a durable HIV-1-specific neutralizing antibody response.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Structural development of the HIV-1 apex-directed PGT145-PGDM1400 antibody lineage.Cell reports · 2025Article
- Inducible cell lines producing replication-defective human immunodeficiency virus particles containing envelope glycoproteins stabilized in a pretriggered conformation.Journal of virology · 2024Article
- Impact of glycan depletion, glycan debranching and increased glycan charge on HIV-1 neutralization sensitivity and immunogenicity.Glycobiology · 2024Article
- Structure-based design of a soluble human cytomegalovirus glycoprotein B antigen stabilized in a prefusion-like conformation.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
- Design of soluble HIV-1 envelope trimers free of covalent gp120-gp41 bonds with prevalent native-like conformation.Cell reports · 2024Article
- Production and Immunogenicity of FeLV Gag-Based VLPs Exposing a Stabilized FeLV Envelope Glycoprotein.Viruses · 2024Article
- Applying Flow Virometry to Study the HIV Envelope Glycoprotein and Differences Across HIV Model Systems.Viruses · 2024Article
288 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The few antibodies that can potently neutralize human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) recognize the limited number of envelope glycoprotein epitopes exposed on infectious virions. These native envelope glycoprotein complexes comprise three gp120 subunits noncovalently and weakly associated with three gp41 moieties. The individual subunits induce neutralizing antibodies inefficiently but raise many nonneutralizing antibodies. Consequently, recombinant envelope glycoproteins do not elicit strong antiviral antibody responses, particularly against primary HIV-1 isolates. To try to develop recombinant proteins that are better antigenic mimics of the native envelope glycoprotein complex, we have introduced a disulfide bond between the C-terminal region of gp120 and the immunodominant segment of the gp41 ectodomain. The resulting gp140 protein is processed efficiently, producing a properly folded envelope glycoprotein complex. The association of gp120 with gp41 is now stabilized by the supplementary intermolecular disulfide bond, which forms with approximately 50% efficiency. The gp140 protein has antigenic properties which resemble those of the virion-associated complex. This type of gp140 protein may be worth evaluating for immunogenicity as a component of a multivalent HIV-1 vaccine.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.