ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2000
Chloroplast protein and centrosomal genes, a tRNA intron, and odd telomeres in an unusually compact eukaryotic genome, the cryptomonad nucleomorph.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2000. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
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18 citing papers in PubMed, 74 citations in OpenAlex.
- The chromatin organization of a chlorarachniophyte nucleomorph genome.Genome biology · 2022Article
- Step-by-Step Evolution of Telomeres: Lessons from Yeasts.Genome biology and evolution · 2021Article
- The Known, the New, and a Possible Surprise: A Re-Evaluation of the Nucleomorph-Encoded Proteome of Cryptophytes.Genome biology and evolution · 2019Article
- The cryptomonad nucleomorph.Protoplasma · 2017Article
- Conservation and divergence of the histone code in nucleomorphs.Biology direct · 2016Article
- A broad phylogenetic survey unveils the diversity and evolution of telomeres in eukaryotes.Genome biology and evolution · 2013Article
- Dynamic evolution of telomeric sequences in the green algal order Chlamydomonadales.Genome biology and evolution · 2012Article
- Diversity of Eukaryotic Translational Initiation Factor eIF4E in Protists.Comparative and functional genomics · 2012Article
- Nucleomorph genome sequence of the cryptophyte alga Chroomonas mesostigmatica CCMP1168 reveals lineage-specific gene loss and genome complexity.Genome biology and evolution · 2012Article
- Diversity of secondary endosymbiont-derived actin-coding genes in cryptomonads and their evolutionary implications.Journal of plant research · 2006Article
- Organization of chromosome ends in the rice blast fungus, Magnaporthe oryzae.Nucleic acids research · 2006Article
- Economy, speed and size matter: evolutionary forces driving nuclear genome miniaturization and expansion.Annals of botany · 2005Review
- Telomere maintenance, function and evolution: the yeast paradigm.Chromosome research : an international journal on the molecular, supramolecular and evolutionary aspects of chromosome biology · 2005Review
- Simplicity and complexity of microsporidian genomes.Eukaryotic cell · 2004Review
- Genomic reduction and evolution of novel genetic membranes and protein-targeting machinery in eukaryote-eukaryote chimaeras (meta-algae).Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2003Article
- Article
- Sequence and analysis of chromosome I of the amitochondriate intracellular parasite Encephalitozoon cuniculi (Microspora).Genome research · 2001Article
- Nucleomorph genomes: much ado about practically nothing.Genome biology · 2001Review
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Cells of several major algal groups are evolutionary chimeras of two radically different eukaryotic cells. Most of these "cells within cells" lost the nucleus of the former algal endosymbiont. But after hundreds of millions of years cryptomonads still retain the nucleus of their former red algal endosymbiont as a tiny relict organelle, the nucleomorph, which has three minute linear chromosomes, but their function and the nature of their ends have been unclear. We report extensive cryptomonad nucleomorph sequences (68.5 kb), from one end of each of the three chromosomes of Guillardia theta. Telomeres of the nucleomorph chromosomes differ dramatically from those of other eukaryotes, being repeats of the 23-mer sequence (AG)(7)AAG(6)A, not a typical hexamer (commonly TTAGGG). The subterminal regions comprising the rRNA cistrons and one protein-coding gene are exactly repeated at all three chromosome ends. Gene density (one per 0.8 kb) is the highest for any cellular genome. None of the 38 protein-coding genes has spliceosomal introns, in marked contrast to the chlorarachniophyte nucleomorph. Most identified nucleomorph genes are for gene expression or protein degradation; histone, tubulin, and putatively centrosomal ranbpm genes are probably important for chromosome segregation. No genes for primary or secondary metabolism have been found. Two of the three tRNA genes have introns, one in a hitherto undescribed location. Intergenic regions are exceptionally short; three genes transcribed by two different RNA polymerases overlap their neighbors. The reported sequences encode two essential chloroplast proteins, FtsZ and rubredoxin, thus explaining why cryptomonad nucleomorphs persist.
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