ArticleInfection and immunity2000
Effects of opsonization and gamma interferon on growth of Brucella melitensis 16M in mouse peritoneal macrophages in vitro.
Article in Infection and immunity, 2000. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 93 citations in OpenAlex.
- Low Interleukin-12 Levels concerning Severe Malaria: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Pooled it
- A genome-wide CRISPR screen defines host determinants of earlyInfection and immunity · 2026Article
- A genome-wide CRISPR screen defines host determinants of earlybioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- The Lpp-OmpA-BtaE fusion protein causes a protective immune response against Brucella melitensis in mice.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Review
- Coating of a Novel Antimicrobial Nanoparticle with a Macrophage Membrane for the Selective Entry into Infected Macrophages and Killing of Intracellular Staphylococci.Advanced functional materials · 2020Article
- The Role of Neutrophils in Brucellosis.Microbiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR · 2020Review
- Intratracheal Inoculation with Brucella melitensis in the Pregnant Guinea Pig Is an Improved Model for Reproductive Pathogenesis and Vaccine Studies.Infection and immunity · 2020Article
- Mucosal Therapy of Multi-Drug Resistant Tuberculosis With IgA and Interferon-γ.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Article
- Artificial Selection for Pathogenicity Mutations inInfection and immunity · 2019Article
- IFN-γ targets macrophage-mediated immune responses towardJournal of leukocyte biology · 2017Article
- Differential responses of osteoblasts and macrophages upon Staphylococcus aureus infection.BMC microbiology · 2014Article
- Article
- Sustained and differential antibody responses to virulence proteins of Brucella melitensis during acute and chronic infections in human brucellosis.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2013Article
- CD8 knockout mice are protected from challenge by vaccination with WR201, a live attenuated mutant of Brucella melitensis.Clinical & developmental immunology · 2013Article
- Entry and elimination of marine mammal Brucella spp. by hooded seal (Cystophora cristata) alveolar macrophages in vitro.PloS one · 2013Article
- Host interferon-γ inducible protein contributes to Brucella survival.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2012Article
- Immunization of mice with recombinant protein CobB or AsnC confers protection against Brucella abortus infection.PloS one · 2012Article
- Discordant Brucella melitensis antigens yield cognate CD8+ T cells in vivo.Infection and immunity · 2010Article
- A B lymphocyte mitogen is a Brucella abortus virulence factor required for persistent infection.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2006Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Entry of opsonized pathogens into phagocytes may benefit or, paradoxically, harm the host. Opsonization may trigger antimicrobial mechanisms such as reactive oxygen or nitric oxide (NO) production but may also provide a safe haven for intracellular replication. Brucellae are natural intramacrophage pathogens of rodents, ruminants, dogs, marine mammals, and humans. We evaluated the role of opsonins in Brucella-macrophage interactions by challenging cultured murine peritoneal macrophages with Brucella melitensis 16M treated with complement- and/or antibody-rich serum. Mouse serum rich in antibody against Brucella lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (aLPS) and human complement-rich serum (HCS) each enhanced the macrophage uptake of brucellae. Combinations of suboptimal levels of aLPS (0. 01%) and HCS (2%) synergistically enhanced uptake. The intracellular fate of ingested bacteria was evaluated with an optimal concentration of gentamicin (2 microg/ml) to control extracellular growth but not kill intracellular bacteria. Bacteria opsonized with aLPS and/or HCS grew equally well inside macrophages in the absence of gamma interferon (IFN-gamma). Macrophage activation with IFN-gamma inhibited replication of both opsonized and nonopsonized brucellae but was less effective in inhibiting replication of nonopsonized bacteria. IFN-gamma treatment of macrophages with opsonized or nonopsonized bacteria enhanced NO production, which was blocked by N(G)-monomethyl L-arginine (MMLA), an NO synthesis inhibitor. MMLA also partially blocked IFN-gamma-mediated bacterial growth inhibition. These studies suggest that primary murine macrophages have limited ability to control infection with B. melitensis, even when activated by IFN-gamma in the presence of highly opsonic concentrations of antibody and complement. Additional cellular immune responses, e.g., those mediated by cytotoxic T cells, may play more important roles in the control of murine brucellosis.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.