ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America1999
Correlation of the structural and functional domains in the membrane protein Vpu from HIV-1.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 1999. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 70 papers.
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Who cites it
70 citing papers in PubMed.
- Adaptor Protein Complexes in HIV-1 Pathogenesis: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential.Viruses · 2025Review
- Detection of the HIV-1 Accessory Proteins Nef and Vpu by Flow Cytometry Represents a New Tool to Study Their Functional Interplay within a Single Infected CD4Journal of virology · 2022Article
- Simian Immunodeficiency Virus SIVgsn-99CM71 Vpu Employs Different Amino Acids To Antagonize Human and Greater Spot-Nosed Monkey BST-2.Journal of virology · 2022Article
- Unravelling the Immunomodulatory Effects of Viral Ion Channels, towards the Treatment of Disease.Viruses · 2021Review
- Interactions of SARS-CoV-2 envelope protein with amilorides correlate with antiviral activity.PLoS pathogens · 2021Article
- The C-Terminal End of HIV-1 Vpu Has a Clade-Specific Determinant That Antagonizes BST-2 and Facilitates Virion Release.Journal of virology · 2019Article
- Ion Channel Activity of Vpu Proteins Is Conserved throughout Evolution of HIV-1 and SIV.Viruses · 2016Article
- Novel Acylguanidine-Based Inhibitor of HIV-1.Journal of virology · 2016Article
- Viral channel forming proteins--How to assemble and depolarize lipid membranes in silico.Biochimica et biophysica acta · 2016Review
- Membrane protein assembly: two cytoplasmic phosphorylated serine sites of Vpu from HIV-1 affect oligomerization.Scientific reports · 2016Article
- Structural determination of virus protein U from HIV-1 by NMR in membrane environments.Biochimica et biophysica acta · 2015Article
- Vpu Protein: The Viroporin Encoded by HIV-1.Viruses · 2015Review
- Review
- Relating structure and function of viral membrane-spanning miniproteins.Current opinion in virology · 2015Review
- Magic angle spinning NMR of viruses.Progress in nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy · 2015Review
- NMR structures of membrane proteins in phospholipid bilayers.Quarterly reviews of biophysics · 2014Review
- Downmodulation of CCR7 by HIV-1 Vpu results in impaired migration and chemotactic signaling within CD4⁺ T cells.Cell reports · 2014Article
- HIV-1 Vpu - an ion channel in search of a job.Biochimica et biophysica acta · 2014Review
- The minimalist architectures of viroporins and their therapeutic implications.Biochimica et biophysica acta · 2014Review
- Atomistic detailed mechanism and weak cation-conducting activity of HIV-1 Vpu revealed by free energy calculations.PloS one · 2014Article
10 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Vpu is an 81-residue membrane protein encoded by the HIV-1 genome. NMR experiments show that the protein folds into two distinct domains, a transmembrane hydrophobic helix and a cytoplasmic domain with two in-plane amphipathic alpha-helices separated by a linker region. Resonances in one-dimensional solid-state NMR spectra of uniformly (15)N labeled Vpu are clearly segregated into two bands at chemical shift frequencies associated with NH bonds in a transmembrane alpha-helix, perpendicular to the membrane surface, and with NH bonds in the cytoplasmic helices parallel to the membrane surface. Solid-state NMR spectra of truncated Vpu(2-51) (residues 2-51), which contains the transmembrane alpha-helix and the first amphipathic helix of the cytoplasmic domain, and of a construct Vpu(28-81) (residues 28-81), which contains only the cytoplasmic domain, support this structural model of Vpu in the membrane. Full-length Vpu (residues 2-81) forms discrete ion-conducting channels of heterogeneous conductance in lipid bilayers. The most frequent conductances were 22 +/- 3 pS and 12 +/- 3 pS in 0.5 M KCl and 29 +/- 3 pS and 12 +/- 3 pS in 0.5 M NaCl. In agreement with the structural model, truncated Vpu(2-51), which has the transmembrane helix, forms discrete channels in lipid bilayers, whereas the cytoplasmic domain Vpu(28-81), which lacks the transmembrane helix, does not. This finding shows that the channel activity is associated with the transmembrane helical domain. The pattern of channel activity is characteristic of the self-assembly of conductive oligomers in the membrane and is compatible with the structural and functional findings.
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