ArticleInfection and immunity1999
Ferric reduction is a potential iron acquisition mechanism for Histoplasma capsulatum.
Article in Infection and immunity, 1999. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 70 citations in OpenAlex.
- Review
- Revealing pathogenesis-associated metabolites inmSystems · 2025Article
- Conservation and Loss of a Putative Iron Utilization Gene Cluster among Genotypes ofMicroorganisms · 2021Article
- Review
- Histoplasma Capsulatum: Mechanisms for Pathogenesis.Current topics in microbiology and immunology · 2019Review
- Metals in fungal virulence.FEMS microbiology reviews · 2018Review
- The Fungal PathogenFrontiers in microbiology · 2017Article
- Revisiting old friends: Developments in understanding Histoplasma capsulatum pathogenesis.Journal of microbiology (Seoul, Korea) · 2016Review
- Histoplasma capsulatum surmounts obstacles to intracellular pathogenesis.The FEBS journal · 2016Review
- Phytotoxin production in Aspergillus terreus is regulated by independent environmental signals.eLife · 2015Article
- Histoplasma capsulatum depends on de novo vitamin biosynthesis for intraphagosomal proliferation.Infection and immunity · 2014Article
- Cell-type-specific transcriptional profiles of the dimorphic pathogen Penicillium marneffei reflect distinct reproductive, morphological, and environmental demands.G3 (Bethesda, Md.) · 2013Article
- Cryptococcus neoformans requires the ESCRT protein Vps23 for iron acquisition from heme, for capsule formation, and for virulence.Infection and immunity · 2013Article
- SRE1 regulates iron-dependent and -independent pathways in the fungal pathogen Histoplasma capsulatum.Eukaryotic cell · 2012Article
- Histoplasma mechanisms of pathogenesis--one portfolio doesn't fit all.FEMS microbiology letters · 2011Review
- Growth, Fe3+ reductase activity, and siderophore production by Paenibacillus polymyxa SQR-21 under differential iron conditions.Current microbiology · 2010Article
- Histoplasma capsulatum proteome response to decreased iron availability.Proteome science · 2008Article
- The Histoplasma capsulatum vacuolar ATPase is required for iron homeostasis, intracellular replication in macrophages and virulence in a murine model of histoplasmosis.Molecular microbiology · 2008Article
- Histoplasma capsulatum secreted gamma-glutamyltransferase reduces iron by generating an efficient ferric reductant.Molecular microbiology · 2008Article
- Ferrous, but not ferric, iron maintains homeostasis in Histoplasma capsulatum triacylglycerides.Current microbiology · 2008Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
For the fungus Histoplasma capsulatum, and for other microbial pathogens, iron is an essential nutrient. Iron sequestration in response to infection is a demonstrated host defense mechanism; thus, iron acquisition may be considered an important pathogenic determinant. H. capsulatum is known to secrete Fe(III)-binding hydroxamate siderophores, which is one common microbial process for acquiring iron. Here, we report H. capsulatum ferric reduction activities in whole yeast cells and in both high- and low-molecular-weight fractions of culture supernatants. Each of these activities was induced or derepressed by growth under iron-limiting conditions, a phenomenon often associated with specific iron acquisition mechanisms. The high-molecular-weight culture supernatant activity was enhanced by the addition of reduced glutathione, was proteinase K sensitive and heat labile, and could utilize ferric chloride, ferric citrate, and human holotransferrin as substrates. The low-molecular-weight culture supernatant activity was resistant to proteinase K digestion. These results are consistent with the expression by H. capsulatum of both enzymatic ferric reductase and nonproteinaceous ferric reductant, both of which are regulated by iron availability. Such components could be involved in fungal acquisition of iron from inorganic or organic ferric salts, from H. capsulatum hydroxamate siderophores, or from host Fe(III)-binding proteins, such as transferrin.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.