ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America1999
All males are not created equal: fertility differences depend on gamete recognition polymorphisms in sea urchins.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 1999. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 70 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
70 citing papers in PubMed, 331 citations in OpenAlex.
- Genomic and Structural Analysis of Gamete Recognition Proteins in a Broadcast Spawning Echinoderm Mesocentrotus franciscanus.Journal of molecular evolution · 2026Article
- Selection Over Small and Large Spatial Scales in the Face of High Gene Flow.Molecular ecology · 2025Article
- Semi-automated, high-content imaging of drug transporter knockout sea urchin (Lytechinus pictus) embryos.Journal of experimental zoology. Part B, Molecular and developmental evolution · 2024Article
- Population density effects on gamete traits and fertilisation dynamics under varying sperm environments in mussels.Ecology and evolution · 2024Article
- Frequency-dependent viscosity of salmon ovarian fluid has biophysical implications for sperm-egg interactions.The Journal of experimental biology · 2023Article
- On Malaria Transmission and Transmission Blocking Immunity.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2022Article
- Rapid divergence of a gamete recognition gene promoted macroevolution of Eutheria.Genome biology · 2022Article
- Sexual selection after gamete release in broadcast spawning invertebrates.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2020Review
- Slow evolution under purifying selection in the gamete recognition protein bindin of the sea urchin Diadema.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Inbreeding shapes the evolution of marine invertebrates.Evolution; international journal of organic evolution · 2020Article
- Molecular Diversification of the Seminal Fluid Proteome in a Recently Diverged Passerine Species Pair.Molecular biology and evolution · 2020Article
- Genome of the tropical plant Marchantia inflexa: implications for sex chromosome evolution and dehydration tolerance.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Interspecific gamete compatibility and hybrid larval fitness in reef-building corals: Implications for coral reef restoration.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Endless forms of sexual selection.PeerJ · 2019Article
- No support for cryptic choice by ovarian fluid in an external fertilizer.Ecology and evolution · 2018Article
- Gamete-mediated mate choice: towards a more inclusive view of sexual selection.Proceedings. Biological sciences · 2018Review
- Article
- Article
- Egg Coat Proteins Across Metazoan Evolution.Current topics in developmental biology · 2018Review
- Egg chemoattractants moderate intraspecific sperm competition.Evolution letters · 2017Article
10 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Behaviors, morphologies, and genetic loci directly involved in reproduction have been increasingly shown to be polymorphic within populations. Explaining how such variants are maintained by selection is crucial to understanding the genetic basis of fertility differences, but direct tests of how alleles at reproductive loci affect fertility are rare. In the sea urchin genus Echinometra, the protein bindin mediates sperm attachment to eggs, evolves quickly, and is polymorphic within species. Eggs exposed to experimental sperm mixtures show strong discrimination on the basis of the males' bindin genotype. Different females produce eggs that nonrandomly select sperm from different males, showing that variable egg-sperm interactions determine fertility. Eggs select sperm with a bindin genotype similar to their own, suggesting strong linkage between female choice and male trait loci. These experiments demonstrate that alleles at a single locus can have a strong effect on fertilization and that reproductive loci may retain functional polymorphisms through epistatic interactions between male and female traits. They also suggest that positive selection at gamete recognition loci like bindin involves strong selection within species on mate choice interactions.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.