ArticleThe Plant cell1999
Glutamine synthetase in the phloem plays a major role in controlling proline production
Article in The Plant cell, 1999. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 53 papers.
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Who cites it
53 citing papers in PubMed, 191 citations in OpenAlex.
- Beyond osmoprotection: the expanding roles of proline in plant signalling and development.Biologia futura · 2026Review
- The Functional Characterization of MaGS2 and Its Role as a Negative Regulator ofPlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Regulating Effect of Exogenous α-Ketoglutarate on Ammonium Assimilation in Poplar.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- The Role of Glutamine Synthetase (GS) and Glutamate Synthase (GOGAT) in the Improvement of Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Cereals.Biomolecules · 2023Review
- Article
- Identification and functional characterization of the sugarcane (Frontiers in plant science · 2023Article
- Foliar application of alpha-ketoglutarate plus nitrogen improves drought resistance in soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.).Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Contribution of Exogenous Proline to Abiotic Stresses Tolerance in Plants: A Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Metabolic flux analysis of the non-transitory starch tradeoff for lipid production in mature tobacco leaves.Metabolic engineering · 2022Article
- Targeted and untargeted metabolomics reveals deep analysis of drought stress responses in needles and roots ofFrontiers in plant science · 2022Article
- Genetic Diversity in Nitrogen Fertiliser Responses and N Gas Emission in Modern Wheat.Frontiers in plant science · 2022Article
- Chicken Feather Waste Hydrolysate as a Superior Biofertilizer in Agroindustry.Current microbiology · 2021Review
- Diclofenac shifts the role of root glutamine synthetase and glutamate dehydrogenase for maintaining nitrogen assimilation and proline production at the expense of shoot carbon reserves in Solanum lycopersicum L.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2020Article
- Nitrogen Assimilation in the Highly Salt- and Boron-Tolerant EcotypePlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- Trunk Girdling Increased Stomatal Conductance in Cabernet Sauvignon Grapevines, Reduced Glutamine, and Increased Malvidin-3-Glucoside and Quercetin-3-Glucoside Concentrations in Skins and Pulp at Harvest.Frontiers in plant science · 2020Article
- Review
- Article
- Chloroplast Glutamine Synthetase, the Key Regulator of Nitrogen Metabolism in Wheat, Performs Its Role by Fine Regulation of Enzyme Activity via Negative Cooperativity of Its Subunits.Frontiers in plant science · 2018Article
- Concurrent Overexpression ofFrontiers in plant science · 2018Article
- Comparative Proteomics Analyses of Pollination Response in Endangered Orchid Species Dendrobium Chrysanthum.International journal of molecular sciences · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
To inhibit expression specifically in the phloem, a 274-bp fragment of a cDNA (Gln1-5) encoding cytosolic glutamine synthetase (GS1) from tobacco was placed in the antisense orientation downstream of the cytosolic Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase promoter of Nicotiana plumbaginifolia. After Agrobacterium-mediated transformation, two transgenic N. tabacum lines exhibiting reduced levels of GS1 mRNA and GS activity in midribs, stems, and roots were obtained. Immunogold labeling experiments allowed us to verify that the GS protein content was markedly decreased in the phloem companion cells of transformed plants. Moreover, a general decrease in proline content in the transgenic plants in comparison with wild-type tobacco was observed when plants were forced to assimilate large amounts of ammonium. In contrast, no major changes in the concentration of amino acids used for nitrogen transport were apparent. A (15)NH(4)(+)-labeling kinetic over a 48-hr period confirmed that in leaves of transgenic plants, the decrease in proline production was directly related to glutamine availability. After 2 weeks of salt treatment, the transgenic plants had a pronounced stress phenotype, consisting of wilting and bleaching in the older leaves. We conclude that GS in the phloem plays a major role in regulating proline production consistent with the function of proline as a nitrogen source and as a key metabolite synthesized in response to water stress.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.