ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America1999
Pronounced acute immunosuppression in vivo mediated by HIV Tat challenge.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 1999. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 90 citations in OpenAlex.
- Tat is a multifunctional viral protein that modulates cellular gene expression and functions.Oncotarget · 2017Review
- Article
- Pathogen-inspired drug delivery to the central nervous system.Tissue barriers · 2014Article
- IL-7 receptor recovery on CD8 T-cells isolated from HIV+ patients is inhibited by the HIV Tat protein.PloS one · 2014Article
- HIV-1 and its gp120 inhibits the influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 life cycle in an IFITM3-dependent fashion.PloS one · 2014Article
- Acute HIV-1 infection in the Southeastern United States: a cohort study.AIDS research and human retroviruses · 2013Article
- What does the structure-function relationship of the HIV-1 Tat protein teach us about developing an AIDS vaccine?Retrovirology · 2009Review
- The dual role of dendritic cells in the immune response to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection.The Journal of general virology · 2008Article
- TAT-mediated intracellular delivery of purine nucleoside phosphorylase corrects its deficiency in mice.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2006Article
- Transactivation and signaling functions of Tat are not correlated: biological and immunological characterization of HIV-1 subtype-C Tat protein.Retrovirology · 2006Article
- Reservoir cells no longer detectable after a heterologous SHIV challenge with the synthetic HIV-1 Tat Oyi vaccine.Retrovirology · 2006Article
- Induction of neutralizing antibodies and Th1-polarized and CD4-independent CD8+ T-cell responses following delivery of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Tat protein by recombinant adenylate cyclase of Bordetella pertussis.Journal of virology · 2005Article
- Codon optimization of the tat antigen of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 generates strong immune responses in mice following genetic immunization.Journal of virology · 2004Article
- Monocytes treated with human immunodeficiency virus Tat kill uninfected CD4(+) cells by a tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-induced ligand-mediated mechanism.Journal of virology · 2003Article
- Tat-neutralizing antibodies in vaccinated macaques.Journal of virology · 2003Article
- Human immunodeficiency virus-1 tat induces hyperproliferation and dysregulation of renal glomerular epithelial cells.The American journal of pathology · 2002Article
- Outcome of simian-human immunodeficiency virus strain 89.6p challenge following vaccination of rhesus macaques with human immunodeficiency virus Tat protein.Journal of virology · 2002Article
- Using death to one's advantage: HIV modulation of apoptosis.Leukemia · 2001Review
- Pivotal role of cyclic nucleoside phosphodiesterase 4 in Tat-mediated CD4+ T cell hyperactivation and HIV type 1 replication.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2000Article
- Tat protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 induces interleukin-10 in human peripheral blood monocytes: implication of protein kinase C-dependent pathway.Journal of virology · 2000Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
HIV infection is accompanied by an early immune dysfunction limiting host control of virus and likely contributing to difficulties in achieving a successful vaccine against HIV. We report here that the HIV Tat protein is strongly immunosuppressive, both immediately after immunization of mice with soluble protein (sTat), and in seroconverting humans, and propose that Tat-induced suppression cripples immune surveillance to HIV infection. We show that macrophages are sensitive to sTat stimulation at concentrations 1,000-fold lower (500 pM) than T cells, and this stimulation is accompanied by the immunosuppressive induction of Fas ligand on the macrophage. T cell proliferative defects induced by sTat in vitro can be completely (at lower concentrations of sTat) or partially (at higher concentrations) reversed by antagonists to Fas/Fas ligand interaction. We further report a method to preserve immunogenicity while inactivating Tat immunosuppression through oxidation, which advances the use of oxidized Tat as a component of an anti-HIV vaccine. These observations define additional methods to study the immunosuppressive functions of sTat that now may be rapidly applied to primary isolates from individuals with differing clinical courses. Our findings have immediate relevance for vaccine development, by describing and supporting a strategy that includes inactivated sTat in a multicomponent, anti-HIV vaccine.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.