ArticleInfection and immunity1999
T-Cell responses to Treponema pallidum subsp. pallidum antigens during the course of experimental syphilis infection.
Article in Infection and immunity, 1999. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 68 citations in OpenAlex.
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- The Significance of the Cell-Mediated Host Immune Response in Syphilis.Microorganisms · 2024Review
- T-Cell Responses to Treponema pallidum Proteins in Blood and Skin to Advance Syphilis Vaccine Design: Learning From Nature.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Treponema pallidum Periplasmic and Membrane Proteins Are Recognized by Circulating and Skin CD4+ T Cells.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Insights into the protective immune response by immunization with full-length recombinant TprK protein: cellular and humoral responses.NPJ vaccines · 2023Article
- Syphilis vaccine: challenges, controversies and opportunities.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Notes on syphilis vaccine development.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- B-Cell Epitope Mapping of TprC and TprD Variants ofFrontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Syphilitic infection impairs immunity by inducing both apoptosis and pyroptosis of CD4Innate immunity · 2021Article
- MicroRNA expression profiling of peripheral blood mononuclear cells associated with syphilis.BMC infectious diseases · 2020Article
- Characterization ofFrontiers in immunology · 2020Article
- Article
- Immunogenicity and protective efficacy against Treponema pallidum in New Zealand rabbits immunized with plasmid DNA encoding flagellin.Emerging microbes & infections · 2018Article
- Syphilis Infection Differentially Regulates the Phenotype and Function of γδ T Cells in HIV-1-Infected Patients Depends on the HIV-1 Disease Stage.Frontiers in immunology · 2017Article
- Vaccine development for syphilis.Expert review of vaccines · 2017Review
- Clinical Outcomes of In Vitro Fertilization among Chinese Infertile Couples Treated for Syphilis Infection.PloS one · 2015Article
- Regulatory T cells in peripheral blood and cerebrospinal fluid of syphilis patients with and without neurological involvement.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2013Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
In this study we describe the development of the T-cell response to a panel of Treponema pallidum antigens over the course of syphilis infection in the rabbit and determine whether these antigens induce the expression of Th1 cytokines. It was determined that the membrane proteins TpN17 and TpN47, as well as the endoflagellar sheath protein TpN37, induce strong proliferation responses through most of syphilis infection; Tromp1 induced only weak proliferative responses. An unexpected drop in proliferative response to these antigens at day 90 of infection, followed by a dramatic increase in response at day 180, suggests that there may be a secondary dissemination of T. pallidum which induces a recall response. Crude epitope mapping of TpN17 and TpN37 showed that multiple epitopes may be present on both antigens, which is likely a contributing factor in the immunodominance of these antigens. The T-cell response to the TpN37 molecule shows acquisition of newly recognized epitopes during the course of infection. Sonicated T. pallidum was found to induce the expression of interleukin-2 (IL-2) and gamma interferon and not IL-10 mRNA, showing that the general T-cell response to T. pallidum antigens in syphilis infection is biased towards the Th1 phenotype. Of the antigens tested, TpN37 appears to contribute the most to the Th1 cytokine response and therefore may play a key role in the clearance of T. pallidum from lesions.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.