ArticleInfection and immunity1999
Intracellular growth in Acanthamoeba castellanii affects monocyte entry mechanisms and enhances virulence of Legionella pneumophila.
Article in Infection and immunity, 1999. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 115 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
115 citing papers in PubMed, 237 citations in OpenAlex.
- Seasonal Host Shifts for Legionella Within an Industrial Water-Cooling System.Environmental microbiology reports · 2025Article
- Experimental assessment of interactions between marine bacteria and model protists: from predator-prey relationships to bacterial-mediated lysis.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2025Article
- Article
- Moving Beyond the Silos of Opportunistic Pathogen and Disinfection Byproduct Research to Improve Drinking Water System Management.Environmental science & technology · 2025Review
- Encystment and Excystment Processes inPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Unveiling the molecular architecture of the mitochondrial respiratory chain ofMicrobial cell (Graz, Austria) · 2025Review
- The effects of silver nitrate onFrontiers in public health · 2025Article
- The hidden dancers in water: the symbiotic mystery ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2025Review
- Review
- Review
- Diversity of Free-Living Amoebae in New Zealand Groundwater and Their Ability to Feed onPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Making a Pathogen? Evaluating the Impact of Protist Predation on the Evolution of Virulence in Serratia marcescens.Genome biology and evolution · 2024Article
- Effects of Copper onPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Examining the influence of environmental factors on Acanthamoeba castellanii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in co-culture.PloS one · 2024Article
- Experimental Induction of Acute Acanthamoeba castellanii Keratitis in Cats.Translational vision science & technology · 2023Article
- Legionella pneumophila Cas2 Promotes the Expression of Small Heat Shock Protein C2 That Is Required for Thermal Tolerance and Optimal Intracellular Infection.Infection and immunity · 2022Article
- Balamuthia spinosa n. sp. (Amoebozoa, Discosea) from the brackish-water sediments of Nivå Bay (Baltic Sea, The Sound) - a novel potential vector of Legionella pneumophila in the environment.Parasitology research · 2022Article
- Decreasing Pasteurization Treatment Efficiency against Amoeba-GrownInternational journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Commensals Serve as Natural Barriers to Mammalian Cells during Acanthamoeba castellanii Invasion.Microbiology spectrum · 2021Article
- Pathogenicity and Virulence ofVirulence · 2021Review
55 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Since Legionella pneumophila is an intracellular pathogen, entry into and replication within host cells are thought to be critical to its ability to cause disease. L. pneumophila grown in one of its environmental hosts, Acanthamoeba castellanii, is phenotypically different from L. pneumophila grown on standard laboratory medium (BCYE agar). Although amoeba-grown L. pneumophila displays enhanced entry into monocytes compared to BCYE-grown bacteria, the mechanisms of entry used and the effects on virulence have not been examined. To explore whether amoeba-grown L. pneumophila differs from BCYE-grown L. pneumophila in these characteristics, we examined entry into monocytes, replication in activated macrophages, and virulence in mice. Entry of amoeba-grown L. pneumophila into monocytes occurred more frequently by coiling phagocytosis, was less affected by complement opsonization, and was less sensitive to microtubule and microfilament inhibitors than was entry of BCYE-grown bacteria. In addition, amoeba-grown L. pneumophila displays increased replication in monocytes and is more virulent in A/J, C57BL/6 Beige, and C57BL/6 mice. These data demonstrate for the first time that the intra-amoebal growth environment affects the entry mechanisms and virulence of L. pneumophila.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.