ArticleThe Plant cell1999
Molecular analysis of the anthocyanin2 gene of petunia and its role in the evolution of flower color.
Article in The Plant cell, 1999. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 253 papers.
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253 citing papers in PubMed, 597 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Ethylene-responsive CmERF3-CmMYB4 cascade suppresses anthocyanin biosynthesis inHorticulture research · 2026Article
- Stable Transgenerational Epimutants in Okra Induced by Sodium Butyrate: A Novel Pathway to Functional Breeding.Biochemical genetics · 2026Article
- Genome sequence of the ornamental plant Digitalis purpurea reveals the molecular basis of flower color and morphology variation.BMC genomics · 2026Article
- Remote Sensing of Endogenous Pigmentation by Inducible Synthetic Circuits in Grasses.Plant biotechnology journal · 2026Article
- A 6-bp deletion in the R2R3-MYB domain of the SmFAP1 gene disrupts DNA-binding capacity and leads to anthocyanin deficiency in eggplant peels.TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik · 2026Article
- MYB regulator of "colorless" flavonols underlies the evolution of red flowers in Iochroma (Solanaceae).G3 (Bethesda, Md.) · 2025Article
- The grape berry methylome reveals tissue-specific features associated with metabolism in ripening.Horticulture research · 2025Article
- An R2R3 MYB transcription factor GhMYB5: regulator of CHS expression and proanthocyanin synthesis in brown cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.).BMC genomics · 2025Article
- Genetic Regulation of Anthocyanin Biosynthesis inPlant direct · 2025Article
- CanGenes · 2025Article
- Molecular Control of Flower Colour Change in Angiosperms.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Characterization of a KANADI-like transcription factor that suppresses pear anthocyanin biosynthesis.Horticulture research · 2025Article
- Parallel loss of anthocyanins triggers the incipient sympatric speciation in an alpine ginger.Plant diversity · 2025Article
- Anthocyanins and Anthocyanin Biosynthesis Gene Expression inPlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Within-species floral evolution reveals convergence in adaptive walks during incipient pollinator shift.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Systematic identification of R2R3-MYB S6 subfamily genes in Brassicaceae and its role in anthocyanin biosynthesis in Brassica crops.BMC plant biology · 2025Article
- The Mutations inBiology · 2025Article
- High-quality genome of black wolfberry (Horticulture research · 2025Article
193 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The shape and color of flowers are important for plant reproduction because they attract pollinators such as insects and birds. Therefore, it is thought that alterations in these traits may result in the attraction of different pollinators, genetic isolation, and ultimately, (sympatric) speciation. Petunia integrifolia and P. axillaris bear flowers with different shapes and colors that appear to be visited by different insects. The anthocyanin2 (an2) locus, a regulator of the anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway, is the main determinant of color differences. Here, we report an analysis of molecular events at the an2 locus that occur during Petunia spp evolution. We isolated an2 by transposon tagging and found that it encodes a MYB domain protein, indicating that it is a transcription factor. Analysis of P. axillaris subspecies with white flowers showed that they contain an2(-) alleles with two alternative frameshifts at one site, apparently caused by the insertion and subsequent excision of a transposon. A third an2(-) allele has a nonsense mutation elsewhere, indicating that it arose independently. The distribution of polymorphisms in an2(-) alleles suggests that the loss of an2 function and the consequent changes in floral color were not the primary cause for genetic separation of P. integrifolia and P. axillaris. Rather, they were events that occurred late in the speciation process, possibly to reinforce genetic isolation and complete speciation.
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