ArticleNature1999
Creation of human tumour cells with defined genetic elements.
Article in Nature, 1999. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It carries an expression of concern. It is linked to trial NCT04124900 (Measurement of Telomere Associated Variables), which is not on this map. Cited by 875 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Measurement of Telomere Associated Variables (TAVs) for Diagnostic Purposes in Prostate Cancer
Who cites it
875 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 2,329 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Loss of the tumor suppressor PTEN activates cell-intrinsic interferon signaling to drive immune resistance.Genes & development · 2026Article
- Functional impact of the eIF6 N106S mutation on ribosome biogenesis in wild type and Shwachman-Diamond syndrome cells.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2026Article
- Functional CRISPR Screens Define Genetic Drivers for Cancer Transformation and Progression from Non-Cancerous Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Exon inclusion signatures enable accurate estimation of splicing factor activity.Nature communications · 2026Article
- The application of experimental models for the drug discovery for digestive tumors.Molecular cancer · 2026Review
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- The Somatic Aneuploidy Landscape of Adult Glia Reveals 16p as a Hotspot and Differentiates Mosaicism in Normal Glia from Chromosomal Instability in Glioblastoma.Research square · 2025Article
- Loss of the tumor suppressor PTEN activates cell-intrinsic interferon signaling to drive immune resistance.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- From 2D to 3D and beyond: the evolution and impact of in vitro tumor models in cancer research.Nature methods · 2025Review
- Pseudouridine reprogramming in the human T-cell epitranscriptome: from primary to immortalized states.RNA (New York, N.Y.) · 2025Article
- Exon inclusion signatures enable accurate estimation of splicing factor activity.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Article
- Direct genetic transformation bypasses tumor-associated DNA methylation alterations.Genome biology · 2025Article
815 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
- Expression of concern
Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
During malignant transformation, cancer cells acquire genetic mutations that override the normal mechanisms controlling cellular proliferation. Primary rodent cells are efficiently converted into tumorigenic cells by the coexpression of cooperating oncogenes. However, similar experiments with human cells have consistently failed to yield tumorigenic transformants, indicating a fundamental difference in the biology of human and rodent cells. The few reported successes in the creation of human tumour cells have depended on the use of chemical or physical agents to achieve immortalization, the selection of rare, spontaneously arising immortalized cells, or the use of an entire viral genome. We show here that the ectopic expression of the telomerase catalytic subunit (hTERT) in combination with two oncogenes (the simian virus 40 large-T oncoprotein and an oncogenic allele of H-ras) results in direct tumorigenic conversion of normal human epithelial and fibroblast cells. These results demonstrate that disruption of the intracellular pathways regulated by large-T, oncogenic ras and telomerase suffices to create a human tumor cell.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.