ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America1999
Three-dimensional structure of low density lipoproteins by electron cryomicroscopy.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 1999. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 47 papers.
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Who cites it
47 citing papers in PubMed.
- Replacement of dietary saturated with unsaturated fatty acids is associated with beneficial effects on lipidome metabolites: a secondary analysis of a randomized trial.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2023Trial
- Century of Progress on the Structure of APOB-100 in Atherogenic Lipoproteins.Circulation research · 2026Review
- A Mathematical Model for Smooth Muscle Cell Phenotype Switching In Atherosclerotic Plaque.Bulletin of mathematical biology · 2026Article
- Article
- Reduced Uptake of Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein by Macrophages Using Multiple Aptamer Combinations.ACS applied bio materials · 2025Article
- Blood Lipoproteins Shape the Phenotype and Lipid Content of Early Atherosclerotic Lesion Macrophages: A Dual-Structured Mathematical Model.Bulletin of mathematical biology · 2024Article
- Article
- Multimode chromatography-based techniques for high purity isolation of extracellular vesicles from human blood plasma.Journal of extracellular biology · 2024Article
- Increased LL37 in psoriasis and other inflammatory disorders promotes LDL uptake and atherosclerosis.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2024Article
- Cholesterol efflux capacity is associated with lipoprotein size and vascular health in mild to moderate psoriasis.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2023Article
- Genetics of Cholesterol-Related Genes in Metabolic Syndrome: A Review of Current Evidence.Biomedicines · 2022Review
- Application Perspectives of Nanomedicine in Cancer Treatment.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Review
- Squeezing lipids: NMR characterization of lipoprotein particles under pressure.Chemistry and physics of lipids · 2020Article
- Optimized Negative-Staining Protocol for Lipid-Protein Interactions Investigated by Electron Microscopy.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2019Article
- High Hydrostatic Pressure Induces a Lipid Phase Transition and Molecular Rearrangements in Low-Density Lipoprotein Nanoparticles.Particle & particle systems characterization : measurement and description of particle properties and behavior in powders and other disperse systems · 2018Article
- Advantages and Limitations of Current Imaging Techniques for Characterizing Liposome Morphology.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2018Review
- Article
- Low-density lipoproteins investigated under high hydrostatic pressure by elastic incoherent neutron scattering.The European physical journal. E, Soft matter · 2017Article
- Polyhedral 3D structure of human plasma very low density lipoproteins by individual particle cryo-electron tomography1.Journal of lipid research · 2016Article
- HDL surface lipids mediate CETP binding as revealed by electron microscopy and molecular dynamics simulation.Scientific reports · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Human low density lipoproteins (LDL) are the major cholesterol carriers in the blood. Elevated concentration of LDL is a major risk factor for atherosclerotic disease. Purified LDL particles appear heterogeneous in images obtained with a 400-kV electron cryomicroscope. Using multivariate statistical and cluster analyses, an ensemble of randomly oriented particle images has been subdivided into homogeneous subpopulations, and the largest subset was used for three-dimensional reconstruction. In contrast to the general belief that below the lipid phase-transition temperature (30 degrees C) LDL are quasi-spherical microemulsion particles with a radially layered core-shell organization, our three-dimensional map shows that LDL have a well-defined and stable organization. Particles consist of a higher-density outer shell and lower-density inner lamellae-like layers that divide the core into compartments. The outer shell consists of apolipoprotein B-100, phospholipids, and some free cholesterol.
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