ArticleBritish journal of cancer1999
Expression of interleukin 6 (IL-6) correlates with oestrogen receptor in human breast carcinoma.
Article in British journal of cancer, 1999. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 58 citations in OpenAlex.
- Fusobacterium nucleatum in cancer: Interactions with microbiota, tumour colonisation and cancer progression.Clinical and translational medicine · 2026Review
- Expression Profile ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Establishing conditions for the generation and maintenance of estrogen receptor-positive organoid models of breast cancer.Breast cancer research : BCR · 2024Article
- DNA methylation and gene expression changes in mouse mammary tissue during successive lactations: part I - the impact of inflammation.Epigenetics · 2023Article
- Review
- The IL6-like Cytokine Family: Role and Biomarker Potential in Breast Cancer.Journal of personalized medicine · 2021Review
- A roadmap to target interleukin-6 in osteoarthritis.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2020Article
- Prognostic impact of interleukin-6 and C-reactive protein on patients with breast cancer.Oncology letters · 2019Article
- IL-6 and IL-10 are associated with good prognosis in early stage invasive breast cancer patients.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2018Article
- Simulation Study of cDNA Dataset to Investigate Possible Association of Differentially Expressed Genes of Human THP1-Monocytic Cells in Cancer Progression Affected by Bacterial Shiga Toxins.Frontiers in microbiology · 2018Article
- What Is Breast in the Bone?International journal of molecular sciences · 2016Review
- The Impact of Adenomyosis on Women's Fertility.Obstetrical & gynecological survey · 2016Review
- Estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, interleukin-6 and interleukin-8 are variable in breast cancer and benign stem/progenitor cell populations.BMC cancer · 2014Article
- Predictors of inflammation in response to anthracycline-based chemotherapy for breast cancer.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2008Article
- Estrogen receptor-alpha (ER-alpha) and defects in uterine receptivity in women.Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E · 2006Article
- Interleukin 6 G-174 C polymorphism and breast cancer risk.European journal of epidemiology · 2006Article
- From mice to humans: identification of commonly deregulated genes in mammary cancer via comparative SAGE studies.Cancer research · 2004Article
- The -174 G/C gene polymorphism in interleukin-6 is associated with an aggressive breast cancer phenotype.British journal of cancer · 2004Article
- Prognostic value of serum levels of interleukin 6 and of serum and plasma levels of vascular endothelial growth factor in hormone-refractory metastatic breast cancer patients.British journal of cancer · 2003Article
- IL-8 expression and its possible relationship with estrogen-receptor-negative status of breast cancer cells.Oncogene · 2003Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Multifunctional cytokines play important and only partially defined roles in mammary tumour development and progression. Normal human mammary epithelial cells constitutively produce interleukin 6 (IL-6), IL-8 and a non-secreted form of tumour necrosis factor. Transformation of mammary epithelial cells by different oncogenes is frequently associated with alterations of cytokine/growth factor production and responsiveness. In the present study we analysed the expression of IL-6 in 149 cases of invasive breast carcinoma and the data have been correlated with clinico-pathological variables including tumour size, histological grade, nodal status, and oestrogen and progesterone receptors, Ki67 and p53, protein expression. Though the majority of breast carcinomas expressed at least low levels of immunoreactive IL-6, we found that expression of this cytokine was inversely associated with histological tumour grade (P = 0.0017), but not with tumour size and nodal status. Ki67 positivity was inversely correlated with IL-6 expression (P = 0.027). Among biological parameters analysed, a direct association was found between the percentage of IL-6-positive cells and that of oestrogen (P = 0.00005) and progesterone (P = 0.025) receptor-positive cells. No correlation was observed between IL-6 and p53 protein expression. These data indicate that down-regulation of IL-6 is associated with highly malignant mammary carcinomas. It will be of interest to evaluate whether alterations of cytokines that are constitutively produced by mammary cells are also associated with high-grade tumours.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.