ArticleJournal of virology1999
Retrovirus targeting by tropism restriction to melanoma cells.
Article in Journal of virology, 1999. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 58 citations in OpenAlex.
- Direct transdifferentiation of tumorigenic melanoma cells induces tumor cell reversion.Cell death & disease · 2025Article
- Targeting Melanoma with Cancer-Killing Viruses.The open virology journal · 2017Article
- Retrovirus glycoprotein functionality requires proper alignment of the ectodomain and the membrane-proximal cytoplasmic tail.Journal of virology · 2013Article
- Library screening and receptor-directed targeting of gammaretroviral vectors.Future microbiology · 2013Review
- Article
- Molecular engineering of viral gene delivery vehicles.Annual review of biomedical engineering · 2008Review
- An adenovirus vector with a chimeric fiber incorporating stabilized single chain antibody achieves targeted gene delivery.Gene therapy · 2006Article
- Library-based selection of retroviruses selectively spreading through matrix metalloprotease-positive cells.Gene therapy · 2005Article
- Directed evolution of retroviruses activatable by tumour-associated matrix metalloproteases.Gene therapy · 2003Article
- Targeted retroviral infection of tumor cells by receptor cooperation.Journal of virology · 2003Article
- Antibody-directed targeting of retroviral vectors via cell surface antigens.Journal of virology · 2001Article
- Targeted gene transfer to lymphocytes using murine leukaemia virus vectors pseudotyped with spleen necrosis virus envelope proteins.Gene therapy · 2001Article
- Development of a suspension packaging cell line for production of high titre, serum-resistant murine leukemia virus vectors.Gene therapy · 2001Article
- Single-chain antibody displayed on a recombinant measles virus confers entry through the tumor-associated carcinoembryonic antigen.Journal of virology · 2001Article
- Exploring vascular heterogeneity for gene therapy targeting.Gene therapy · 2000Article
- A TVA-single-chain antibody fusion protein mediates specific targeting of a subgroup A avian leukosis virus vector to cells expressing a tumor-specific form of epidermal growth factor receptor.Journal of virology · 2000Article
- An envelope glycoprotein of the human endogenous retrovirus HERV-W is expressed in the human placenta and fuses cells expressing the type D mammalian retrovirus receptor.Journal of virology · 2000Article
- Vectors for gene therapy of cardiovascular disease.Current cardiology reports · 2000Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Targeted vectors will be necessary for many gene therapy applications. To target retroviruses to melanomas, we fused a single-chain variable fragment antibody (scFv) directed against the surface glycoprotein high-molecular-weight melanoma-associated antigen (HMW-MAA) to the amphotropic murine leukemia virus envelope. A proline-rich hinge and matrix metalloprotease (MMP) cleavage site linked the two proteins. The modified viruses bound only to HMW-MAA-expressing cells, as inclusion of the proline-rich hinge prevented viral binding to the amphotropic viral receptor. Following attachment to HMW-MAA, MMP cleavage of the envelope at the melanoma cell surface removed the scFv and proline-rich hinge, allowing infection. Complexing of targeted retroviruses with 2, 3-dioleoyloxy-N-[2(spermine-carboxamido)ethyl]N, N-dimethyl-1-propanaminium trifluoroacetate-dioleoyl phosphatidylethanolamine liposomes greatly increased their efficiency without affecting their target cell specificity. In a cell mixture, 40% of HMW-MAA-positive cells but less than 0.01% of HMW-MAA-negative cells were infected. This approach can therefore produce efficient, targeted retroviruses suitable for in vivo gene delivery and should allow specific gene delivery to many human cell types by inclusion of different scFv and protease combinations.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.