ArticleThe Journal of clinical investigation1999
Circulating immune complexes in IgA nephropathy consist of IgA1 with galactose-deficient hinge region and antiglycan antibodies.
Article in The Journal of clinical investigation, 1999. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 251 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
251 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 476 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy and safety of agents for IgA nephropathy: a network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Pooled it
- A Phase 2 Trial of Sibeprenlimab in Patients with IgA Nephropathy.The New England journal of medicine · 2024Trial
- A Rare Genetic Defect ofFrontiers in immunology · 2019Trial
- The combined role of galactose-deficient IgA1 and streptococcal IgA-binding M Protein in inducing IL-6 and C3 secretion from human mesangial cells: implications for IgA nephropathy.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2014Trial
- Serum under-O-glycosylated IgA1 level is not correlated with glomerular IgA deposition based upon heterogeneity in the composition of immune complexes in IgA nephropathy.BMC nephrology · 2014Trial
- From Susceptibility Loci to Therapeutic Targets: The Genetic Architecture of IgA Nephropathy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Role of Omega-3 Fatty Acids in IgA Nephropathy: An Updated Review of Mechanisms and Evidence.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- The expanding role of biomarkers in the management of IgA nephropathy.Kidney international supplements · 2026Review
- Nephrin autoimmunity: signal, noise, and a path to clarity.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2026Article
- IgA nephropathy shortly follwed by seroconversion of positive anti-GBM antibodies and rapid progressive glomerulonephritis in a Chinese boy: coincidental overlap or pathogenic link?BMC nephrology · 2026Article
- Inhibition of p65 NF-κB enhances production of galactose-deficient IgA1 through suppression ofbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Differential Cell-Specific, Regulatory Roles of Fc γ Receptor IIB through IgG in IgA Nephropathy.Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN · 2026Article
- Principles for Optimal Drug Selection in IgA Nephropathy-Time for Integrating Pathogenesis and Clinical Markers to Guide Therapy.Nephrology (Carlton, Vic.) · 2026Review
- Complement-Mediated Kidney Diseases: Role of Alternative Pathway in Glomerular Inflammation.Kidney international reports · 2026Review
- IgA nephropathy: a novel pathway in immunopathogenesis dependent on the timing of Epstein-Barr virus infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Autoimmunity in IgA nephropathy.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- The role of mucosal immune dysregulation in the pathogenesis of immunoglobulin A nephropathy.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Gut microbiota in Henoch-Schönlein purpura: from pathogenesis to therapeutic strategies.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Gd-IgA1-targeting therapy in IgA nephropathy ~what is pathogenic Gd-IgA1?~.Frontiers in nephrology · 2026Review
- Aberrant signaling in tonsillar B cells producing pathogenicFrontiers in immunology · 2026Review
191 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Circulating immune complexes (CICs) isolated from sera of patients with IgA nephropathy (IgAN) consist of undergalactosylated, mostly polymeric, and J chain-containing IgA1 and IgG antibodies specific for N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) residues in O-linked glycans of the hinge region of IgA1 heavy chains. Antibodies with such specificity occur in sera of IgAN patients, and in smaller quantities in patients with non-IgA proliferative glomerulonephritis and in healthy controls; they are present mainly in the IgG (predominantly IgG2 subclass), and less frequently in the IgA1 isotype. Their specificity for GalNAc was determined by reactivity with IgA1 myeloma proteins with enzymatically removed N-acetylneuraminic acid (NeuNAc) and galactose (Gal); removal of the O-linked glycans of IgA1 resulted in significantly decreased reactivity. Furthermore, IgA2 proteins that lack the hinge region with O-linked glycans but are otherwise structurally similar to IgA1 did not react with IgG or IgA1 antibodies. The re-formation of isolated and acid-dissociated CICs was inhibited more effectively by IgA1 lacking NeuNAc and Gal than by intact IgA1. Immobilized GalNAc and asialo-ovine submaxillary mucin (rich in O-linked glycans) were also effective inhibitors. Our results suggest that the deficiency of Gal in the hinge region of IgA1 molecules results in the generation of antigenic determinants containing GalNAc residues that are recognized by naturally occurring IgG and IgA1 antibodies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.