ArticleJournal of anatomy1999
Structure, distribution and innervation of muscle spindles in avian fast and slow skeletal muscle.
Article in Journal of anatomy, 1999. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- The evolution of muscle spindles.Experimental physiology · 2025Review
- Quantity and Distribution of Muscle Spindles in Animal and Human Muscles.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Distribution and length of muscle spindles and their 3D visualisation in the medial gastrocnemius of male and female rats.Journal of anatomy · 2023Article
- Does vibration frequency and location influence the effect of neck muscle vibration on postural sway? A cross-sectional study in asymptomatic participants.Experimental brain research · 2023Article
- From Muscle to the Myofascial Unit: Current Evidence and Future Perspectives.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Muscle spindles of the multifidus muscle undergo structural change after intervertebral disc degeneration.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2022Article
- Post-synaptic specialization of the neuromuscular junction: junctional folds formation, function, and disorders.Cell & bioscience · 2022Review
- Distribution Heterogeneity of Muscle Spindles Across Skeletal Muscles of Lower Extremities in C57BL/6 Mice.Frontiers in neuroanatomy · 2022Article
- Age-Related Alterations of Hyaluronan and Collagen in Extracellular Matrix of the Muscle Spindles.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Article
- Invaginating Presynaptic Terminals in Neuromuscular Junctions, Photoreceptor Terminals, and Other Synapses of Animals.Neuromolecular medicine · 2017Review
- Impact of Aging on Proprioceptive Sensory Neurons and Intrafusal Muscle Fibers in Mice.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2017Article
- Low doses of 3-nitropropionic acid in vivo induce damage in mouse skeletal muscle.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2011Article
- Retention of Pax3 expression in satellite cells of muscle spindles.The journal of histochemistry and cytochemistry : official journal of the Histochemistry Society · 2010Article
- Pax7 shows higher satellite cell frequencies and concentrations within intrafusal fibers of muscle spindles.The journal of histochemistry and cytochemistry : official journal of the Histochemistry Society · 2008Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Muscle spindles in 2 synergistic avian skeletal muscles, the anterior (ALD) and posterior (PLD) latissimus dorsi, were studied by light and electron microscopy to determine whether morphological or quantitative differences existed between these sensory receptors. Differences were found in the density, distribution and location of muscle spindles in the 2 muscles. They also differed with respect to the morphology of their capsules and intracapsular components. The slow ALD possessed muscle spindles which were evenly distributed throughout the muscle, whereas in the fast PLD they were mainly concentrated around the single nerve entry point into the muscle. The muscle spindle index (number of spindles per gram wet muscle weight) in the ALD was more than double that of its fast-twitch PLD counterpart (130.5+/-2.0 vs 55.4+/-2.0 respectively, n = 6). The number of intrafusal fibres per spindle ranged from 1 to 8 in the ALD and 2 to 9 in the PLD, and their diameters varied from 5.0 to 16.0 microm and 4.5 to 18.5 microm, respectively. Large diameter intrafusal fibres were more frequently encountered in spindles of the PLD. Unique to the ALD was the presence of monofibre muscle spindles (12.7% of total spindles observed in ALD) which contained a solitary intrafusal fibre. In muscle spindles of both the ALD and PLD, sensory nerve endings terminated in a spiral fashion on the intrafusal fibres in their equatorial regions. Motor innervation was restricted to either juxtaequatorial or polar regions of the intrafusal fibres. Outer capsule components were extensive in polar and juxtaequatorial regions of ALD spindles, whereas inner capsule cells of PLD spindles were more numerous in juxtaequatorial and equatorial regions. Overall, muscle spindles of the PLD exhibited greater complexity with respect to the number of intrafusal fibres per spindle, range of intrafusal fibre diameters and development of their inner capsules. It is postulated that the differences in muscle spindle density and structure observed in this study reflect the function of the muscles in which they reside.
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