ArticleThe Journal of clinical investigation1999
Critical roles for IL-4, IL-5, and eosinophils in chronic skin allograft rejection.
Article in The Journal of clinical investigation, 1999. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 116 citations in OpenAlex.
- How Cytokines Regulate Immune Response Toward Chronic Allograft Rejection?Results and problems in cell differentiation · 2026Review
- The Immune Microenvironment: New Therapeutic Implications in Organ Fibrosis.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Review
- Clinical, mechanistic, and therapeutic landscape of cutaneous fibrosis.Science translational medicine · 2024Review
- Antimicrobial peptide-modified AIE visual composite wound dressing for promoting rapid healing of infected wounds.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2023Article
- Relaxin in fibrotic ligament diseases: Its regulatory role and mechanism.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2023Review
- Immune Cells in Subretinal Wound Healing and Fibrosis.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2022Review
- The IL-4/IL-13 axis in skin fibrosis and scarring: mechanistic concepts and therapeutic targets.Archives of dermatological research · 2020Review
- Methods to Detect MHC-Specific IgE in Mice and Men.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Article
- Serological cytokine profiles of cardiac rejection and lung infection after heart transplantation in rats.Journal of cardiothoracic surgery · 2019Article
- Inhibition of histone methyltransferase EZH2 ameliorates early acute renal allograft rejection in rats.BMC immunology · 2016Article
- Type I Interferons Regulate the Magnitude and Functionality of Mouse Polyomavirus-Specific CD8 T Cells in a Virus Strain-Dependent Manner.Journal of virology · 2016Article
- A Player and Coordinator: The Versatile Roles of Eosinophils in the Immune System.Transfusion medicine and hemotherapy : offizielles Organ der Deutschen Gesellschaft fur Transfusionsmedizin und Immunhamatologie · 2016Review
- Review
- Leukocytes: The Double-Edged Sword in Fibrosis.Mediators of inflammation · 2015Review
- Cytokine mediated tissue fibrosis.Biochimica et biophysica acta · 2013Review
- Article
- Article
- Allergic conjunctivitis exacerbates corneal allograft rejection by activating Th1 and th2 alloimmune responses.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2010Article
- Antifibrosis: to reverse the irreversible.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2010Review
- Mechanism of cellular rejection in transplantation.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2010Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
C57BL/6 mice injected with the 145-2C11 anti-CD3 mAb and grafted with MHC class II disparate bm12 skin develop a chronic rejection characterized by interstitial dermal fibrosis, a marked eosinophil infiltrate, and an obliterative intimal vasculopathy. Because these changes occur in the absence of alloreactive antibodies, we examined the contribution of cytokines in their pathogenesis. Chronically rejected grafts showed a marked accumulation of both IL-4 and IL-5 mRNA. Mixed lymphocyte reaction experiments established that mice undergoing chronic rejection were primed for IL-4, IL-5, and IL-10 secretion. In vivo administration of anti-IL-4 mAb completely prevented allograft vasculopathy as well as graft eosinophil infiltration and dermal fibrosis. Injection of anti-IL-5 mAb or the use of IL-5-deficient mice as recipients also resulted in the lack of eosinophil infiltration or dermal fibrosis, but these mice did develop allograft vasculopathy. Administration of anti-IL-10 mAb did not influence any histologic parameter of chronic rejection. Thus, in this model, IL-4- and IL-5-mediated tissue allograft eosinophil infiltration is associated with interstitial fibrosis. IL-4, but not eosinophils, is also required for the development of obliterative graft arteriolopathy.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.