ArticleInfection and immunity1999
Neisseria gonorrhoeae coordinately uses Pili and Opa to activate HEC-1-B cell microvilli, which causes engulfment of the gonococci.
Article in Infection and immunity, 1999. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 73 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mechanisms, management and prevention of anorectal sexually transmitted infections.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2026Review
- Harnessing the Vaginal Microbiome: A New Frontier in the Prevention of Sexually Transmitted Infections.Expert reviews in molecular medicine · 2026Review
- Article
- Three-dimensional models of the cervicovaginal epithelia to study host-microbiome interactions and sexually transmitted infections.Pathogens and disease · 2022Article
- Gonococcal invasion into epithelial cells depends on both cell polarity and ezrin.PLoS pathogens · 2021Article
- Distinct Patterns of Host Adherence byThe Canadian journal of infectious diseases & medical microbiology = Journal canadien des maladies infectieuses et de la microbiologie medicale · 2021Article
- Genome-wide discovery of epistatic loci affecting antibiotic resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae using evolutionary couplings.Nature microbiology · 2019Article
- Neisseria gonorrhoeae evades autophagic killing by downregulating CD46-cyt1 and remodeling lysosomes.PLoS pathogens · 2019Article
- Risk of Gonococcal Infection During Vaginal Exposure is Associated With High Vaginal pH and Active Menstruation.Sexually transmitted diseases · 2019Article
- Pathogenesis ofFrontiers in immunology · 2018Review
- Human Three-Dimensional Endometrial Epithelial Cell Model To Study Host Interactions with Vaginal Bacteria and Neisseria gonorrhoeae.Infection and immunity · 2017Article
- Article
- Motility and adhesion through type IV pili in Gram-positive bacteria.Biochemical Society transactions · 2016Review
- Gonorrhea - an evolving disease of the new millennium.Microbial cell (Graz, Austria) · 2016Review
- The biology of Neisseria adhesins.Biology · 2013Article
- Neisseria gonorrhoeae breaches the apical junction of polarized epithelial cells for transmigration by activating EGFR.Cellular microbiology · 2013Article
- Secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor binds to Neisseria gonorrhoeae outer membrane opacity protein and is bactericidal.American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) · 2012Article
- Modulation of HIV transmission by Neisseria gonorrhoeae: molecular and immunological aspects.Current HIV research · 2012Review
- Neisseria gonorrhoeae pilus attenuates cytokine response of human fallopian tube explants.Journal of biomedicine & biotechnology · 2012Article
- Neisseria gonorrhoeae-induced transactivation of EGFR enhances gonococcal invasion.Cellular microbiology · 2011Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
This study was undertaken to examine concomitant roles of pili and colony opacity-associated proteins (Opa) in promoting Neisseria gonorrhoeae adherence to and invasion of human endometrial HEC-1-B cells. Adherence of N. gonorrhoeae to cultured HEC-1-B cells was saturable, even though organisms adhered to <50% of the cells. During 4 to 6 h of incubation, adherent mono- and diplococci formed microcolonies on the surfaces of the cells. Microvilli of the HEC-1-B cells adhered by their distal ends to individual cocci within the microcolonies. When the microcolonies grew from isogenic pilus-negative (P-) Opa-, P- Opa+, or P+ Opa- gonococci, microvilli did not elongate, and the colonies were not engulfed. In contrast, the microvilli markedly elongated during exposure to P+ Opa+ gonococci. The microvilli adhered to the organisms along their full lengths and appeared to actively participate in the engulfment of the microcolonies. Internalized microcolonies, with P+ Opa+ gonococci, contained dividing cocci and appeared to be surrounded by cell membrane but were not clearly within vacuoles. In contrast, degenerate individual organisms were within vacuoles. Low doses of chloramphenicol, which inhibits protein synthesis by both prokaryotes and eukaryotes, prevented the microvillar response to and internalization of the P+ Opa+ gonococci; higher doses caused internalization without microvillus activation. Cycloheximide and anisomycin, which inhibit only eukaryotic protein synthesis, caused dose-dependent enhancement of uptake. Cytochalasins reduced engulfment; colchicine had no effect. These results show that gonococci must express both pili and Opa to be engulfed efficiently by HEC-1-B cells.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.