ArticleInfection and immunity1999
Purification, characterization, and sequence analysis of a potential virulence factor from Porphyromonas gingivalis, peptidylarginine deiminase.
Article in Infection and immunity, 1999. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 175 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
175 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 371 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association between rheumatoid arthritis and pulpal-periapical pathology: a systematic review.Clinical oral investigations · 2023Pooled it
- Association between anti-Porphyromonas gingivalis antibody, anti-citrullinated protein antibodies, and rheumatoid arthritis : A meta-analysis.Zeitschrift fur Rheumatologie · 2018Pooled it
- Serum antibody levels against Porphyromonas gingivalis in patients with and without rheumatoid arthritis - a systematic review and meta-analysis.Clinical oral investigations · 2017Pooled it
- Periodontal Treatment for Chronic Periodontitis With Rheumatoid Arthritis.International dental journal · 2022Trial
- Effects of non-surgical periodontal therapy on periodontal laboratory and clinical data as well as on disease activity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.Clinical oral investigations · 2019Trial
- Rheumatoid Arthritis Risk Associated with Periodontitis Exposure: A Nationwide, Population-Based Cohort Study.PloS one · 2015Trial
- Trial
- Peptidylarginine deiminase in Porphyromonas gingivalis-derived outer membrane vesicles exacerbates metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease through the NPAS2/CYP4A10 pathway.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Article
- Periodontal Disease and Its Association withMicroorganisms · 2026Review
- Pathogenesis ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Review
- Inhibition of <italic>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</italic> Biofilm Formation by Peptidyl-Arginine Deiminases 2 and 4.Journal of innate immunity · 2026Article
- Microbial threads in the tapestry of rheumatoid arthritis.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2025Review
- Role of Gut Microbiota and Metabolite Remodeling on the Development and Management of Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Narrative Review.Veterinary sciences · 2025Review
- Optimization of citrulline production from a Bacillus subtilis BH-01 isolated from raw buffalo milk.BMC microbiology · 2025Article
- Article
- Impact of increasedJournal of oral microbiology · 2025Article
- Nano-based Therapeutics for Rheumatoid Arthritis: Recent Patents and Development.Recent patents on nanotechnology · 2025Review
- Oral Microbiome Dysbiosis and Citrullination in Rheumatoid Arthritis.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2025Review
- Citrullinated peptides as drug candidates for rheumatoid arthritis.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Potential roles and mechanisms of bacterial peptidylarginine deiminase in dental biofilm mediated byJournal of oral microbiology · 2025Review
115 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The initiation and progression of adult-onset periodontitis has been associated with infection of the gingival sulcus by Porphyromonas gingivalis. This organism utilizes a multitude of virulence factors to evade host defenses as it establishes itself as one of the predominant pathogens in periodontal pockets. A feature common to many other oral pathogens is the production of ammonia due to its protective effect during acidic cleansing cycles in the mouth. Additionally, ammonia production by P. gingivalis has been proposed as a virulence factor due to its negative effects on neutrophil function. In this study, we describe the first purification of a peptidylarginine deiminase (PAD) from a prokaryote. PAD exhibits biochemical characteristics and properties that suggest that it may be a virulence agent. PAD deiminates the guanidino group of carboxyl-terminal arginine residues on a variety of peptides, including the vasoregulatory peptide-hormone bradykinin, to yield ammonia and a citrulline residue. The soluble protein has an apparent mass of 46 kDa, while the DNA sequence predicts a full-length protein of 61.7 kDa. PAD is optimally active at 55 degrees C, stable at low pH, and shows the greatest activity above pH 9.0. Interestingly, in the presence of stabilizing factors, PAD is resistant to limited proteolysis and retains significant activity after short-term boiling. We propose that PAD, acting in concert with arginine-specific proteinases from P. gingivalis, promotes the growth of the pathogen in the periodontal pocket, initially by enhancing its survivability and then by assisting the organism in its circumvention of host humoral defenses.
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