ArticleBritish journal of pharmacology1999
Pilocarpine modulates the cellular electrical properties of mammalian hearts by activating a cardiac M3 receptor and a K+ current.
Article in British journal of pharmacology, 1999. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 55 citations in OpenAlex.
- On indirect negative inotropic effects of muscarine in the isolated human atrium.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Article
- Synchrony of neuromodulatory systems during NREM sleep.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- The role of M3 receptors in regulation of electrical activity deteriorates in the rat heart during ageing.Current research in physiology · 2022Article
- Article
- M3 cholinoreceptors alter electrical activity of rat left atrium via suppression of L-type CaJournal of physiology and biochemistry · 2017Article
- RGS4 regulates partial agonism of the M2 muscarinic receptor-activated K+ currents.The Journal of physiology · 2014Article
- Upregulation of M₃ muscarinic receptor inhibits cardiac hypertrophy induced by angiotensin II.Journal of translational medicine · 2013Article
- Voltage sensitivity of M2 muscarinic receptors underlies the delayed rectifier-like activation of ACh-gated K(+) current by choline in feline atrial myocytes.The Journal of physiology · 2013Article
- Effects of muscarinic agents on chick choroids in intact eyes and eyecups: evidence for a muscarinic mechanism in choroidal thinning.Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) · 2013Article
- Choline inhibits angiotensin II-induced cardiac hypertrophy by intracellular calcium signal and p38 MAPK pathway.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2012Article
- Functional M3 cholinoreceptors are present in pacemaker and working myocardium of murine heart.Pflugers Archiv : European journal of physiology · 2012Article
- Matrine inhibits pacing induced atrial fibrillation by modulating I(KM3) and I(Ca-L).International journal of biological sciences · 2012Article
- Muscarinic-activated potassium current mediates the negative chronotropic effect of pilocarpine on the rabbit sinoatrial node.Pflugers Archiv : European journal of physiology · 2011Article
- Relaxation gating of the acetylcholine-activated inward rectifier K+ current is mediated by intrinsic voltage sensitivity of the muscarinic receptor.The Journal of physiology · 2011Article
- Reciprocal regulation between M3 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor and protein kinase C-epsilon in ventricular myocytes during myocardial ischemia in rats.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2009Article
- Role of M3 receptor in aconitine/barium-chloride-induced preconditioning against arrhythmias in rats.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2009Article
- In vitro sensitivity of cholinesterases and [3H]oxotremorine-M binding in heart and brain of adult and aging rats to organophosphorus anticholinesterases.Biochemical pharmacology · 2008Article
- Subtype-selective blockade of cardiac muscarinic receptors inhibits vagal chronotropic responses in cats.Pflugers Archiv : European journal of physiology · 2008Article
- Atrial tachycardia induces remodelling of muscarinic receptors and their coupled potassium currents in canine left atrial and pulmonary vein cardiomyocytes.British journal of pharmacology · 2007Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
1. Pilocarpine, a muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAChR) agonist, is widely used for treatment of xerostomia and glaucoma. It can also cause many other cellular responses by activating different subtypes of mAChRs in different tissues. However, the potential role of pilocarpine in modulating cardiac function remained unstudied. 2. We found that pilocarpine produced concentration-dependent (0.1-10 microM) decrease in sinus rhythm and action potential duration, and hyperpolarization of membrane potential in guinea-pig hearts. The effects were nearly completely reversed by 1 microM atropine or 2 nM 4DAMP methiodide (an M3-selective antagonist). 3. Patch-clamp recordings in dispersed myocytes from guinea-pig and canine atria revealed that pilocarpine induces a novel K+ current with delayed rectifying properties. The current was suppressed by low concentrations of M3-selective antagonists 4DAMP methiodide (2-10 nM), 4DAMP mustard (4-20 nM, an ackylating agent) and p-F-HHSiD (20-200 nM). Antagonists towards other subtypes (M1, M2 or M4) all failed to alter the current. 4. The affinity of pilocarpine (KD) at mAChRs derived from displacement binding of [3H]-NMS in the homogenates from dog atria was 2.2 microM (65% of the total binding) and that of 4DAMP methiodide was 2.8 nM (70% of total binding), consistent with the concentration of pilocarpine needed for the current induction and for the modulation of the cardiac electrical activity and the concentration of 4DAMP to block pilocarpine effects. 5. Our data indicate, for the first time, that pilocarpine modulates the cellular electrical properties of the hearts, likely by activating a K+ current mediated by M3 receptors.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.