ArticleThe Journal of clinical investigation1999
Apo E structure determines VLDL clearance and atherosclerosis risk in mice.
Article in The Journal of clinical investigation, 1999. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 179 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
179 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 341 citations in OpenAlex.
- Dissecting the Association of Apolipoprotein E Gene Polymorphisms With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Coronary Artery Disease.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Pooled it
- Aortic Single-Cell Transcriptome Analysis Reveals ApoE-Isoform-Specific Influences on Vascular Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Alzheimer's Disease Risk Factor APOE4 Exerts Dimorphic Effects on Female Bone.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Article
- Molecular characterization of humanized APOE mouse models reveals source and genotype dependent differences.Molecular neurodegeneration · 2026Article
- Article
- APOE-ε4 genotype and western diet synergistically aggravate synaptic dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease via D-serine disruption.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2026Article
- APOE genotype differentially modulates prion pathology in a mouse model.Acta neuropathologica communications · 2026Article
- Human Apolipoprotein E ε4 Allele Modulates Energy Substrate Availability, Seizure Burden, Mortality and Hippocampal Injury, Cell Death, and Inflammation after Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Injury.Developmental neuroscience · 2026Article
- Behavioral deficits and exacerbated neural and hemodynamic odor responses during lifespan of a mouse model of late onset Alzheimer's disease expressing humanized APOEε4 and Trem2*R47H.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2026Article
- Article
- Interaction of sortilin with apolipoprotein E3 enables neurons to use long-chain fatty acids as alternative metabolic fuel.Nature metabolism · 2025Article
- APOE Genotype Differentially Modulates Prion Pathology in a Mouse Model.Research square · 2025Article
- Proteomic and metabolic profiling revealsbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Impaired ApoB secretion triggers enhanced secretion of ApoE to maintain triglyceride homeostasis in hepatoma cells.Journal of lipid research · 2025Article
- APOE4 and sedentary lifestyle synergistically impair neurovascular function in the visual cortex of awake mice.Communications biology · 2025Article
- Effects of West Nile virus on behavioral and cognitive performance, cortical Aβ pathology, viral loads, and immune measures of middle-aged NL-G-F/E3 and NL-G-F/E4 mice.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2025Article
- Unraveling APOE4's Role in Alzheimer's Disease: Pathologies and Therapeutic Strategies.Current protein & peptide science · 2025Review
- In silico metabolic modelling links microbiome-derived metabolites to risk factors of Alzheimer's disease.Gut microbes reports · 2025Article
- Readdressing the Localization of Apolipoprotein E (APOE) in Mitochondria-Associated Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) Membranes (MAMs): An Investigation of the Hepatic Protein-Protein Interactions of APOE with the Mitochondrial Proteins Lon Protease (LONP1), Mitochondrial Import Receptor Subunit TOM40 (TOMM40) and Voltage-Dependent Anion-Selective Channel 1 (VDAC1).International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
119 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
We have generated mice expressing the human apo E4 isoform in place of the endogenous murine apo E protein and have compared them with mice expressing the human apo E3 isoform. Plasma lipid and apolipoprotein levels in the mice expressing only the apo E4 isoform (4/4) did not differ significantly from those in mice with the apo E3 isoform (3/3) on chow and were equally elevated in response to increased lipid and cholesterol in their diet. However, on all diets tested, the 4/4 mice had approximately twice the amount of cholesterol, apo E, and apo B-48 in their VLDL as did 3/3 mice. The 4/4 VLDL competed with human LDL for binding to the human LDL receptor slightly better than 3/3 VLDL, but the VLDL clearance rate in 4/4 mice was half that in 3/3 mice. On an atherogenic diet, there was a trend toward greater atherosclerotic plaque size in 4/4 mice compared with 3/3 mice. These data, together with our earlier observations in wild-type and human APOE*2-replacement mice, demonstrate a direct and highly significant correlation between VLDL clearance rate and mean atherosclerotic plaque size. Therefore, differences solely in apo E protein structure are sufficient to cause alterations in VLDL residence time and atherosclerosis risk in mice.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.