ArticleJournal of bacteriology1999
Early expression of the calmodulin gene, which precedes appressorium formation in Magnaporthe grisea, is inhibited by self-inhibitors and requires surface attachment.
Article in Journal of bacteriology, 1999. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 84 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Vacuolar CaMolecular plant pathology · 2026Article
- Hyphal Fusions Enable Efficient Nutrient Distribution inMicroorganisms · 2022Article
- Ethylene Promotes Expression of the Appressorium- and Pathogenicity-Related Genes via GPCR- and MAPK-Dependent Manners inJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Review
- Review
- Green Fluorescent Protein Expression in Pseudogymnoascus destructans to Study Its Abiotic and Biotic Lifestyles.Mycopathologia · 2018Article
- Friends or foes? Emerging insights from fungal interactions with plants.FEMS microbiology reviews · 2016Review
- Phosphoproteome Analysis Links Protein Phosphorylation to Cellular Remodeling and Metabolic Adaptation during Magnaporthe oryzae Appressorium Development.Journal of proteome research · 2015Article
- Expression analysis reveals a role for hydrophobic or epicuticular wax signals in pre-penetration structure formation of Phakopsora pachyrhizi.Plant signaling & behavior · 2013Article
- Temporal analysis of the magnaporthe oryzae proteome during conidial germination and cyclic AMP (cAMP)-mediated appressorium formation.Molecular & cellular proteomics : MCP · 2013Article
- On the Roles of Calcineurin in Fungal Growth and Pathogenesis.Current fungal infection reports · 2010Article
- Common genetic pathways regulate organ-specific infection-related development in the rice blast fungus.The Plant cell · 2010Article
- Functional characterization of CgCTR2, a putative vacuole copper transporter that is involved in germination and pathogenicity in Colletotrichum gloeosporioides.Eukaryotic cell · 2008Article
- Isolation of mycoparasitic-related transcripts by SSH during interaction of the mycoparasite Stachybotrys elegans with its host Rhizoctonia solani.Current genetics · 2008Article
- Nonpathogenic strains of Colletotrichum lindemuthianum trigger progressive bean defense responses during appressorium-mediated penetration.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2005Article
- Identification of proteins that interact with two regulators of appressorium development, adenylate cyclase and cAMP-dependent protein kinase A, in the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe grisea.Molecular genetics and genomics : MGG · 2004Article
- A Magnaporthe grisea cyclophilin acts as a virulence determinant during plant infection.The Plant cell · 2002Article
- Green fluorescent protein is lighting up fungal biology.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2001Review
- A mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase required for induction of cytokinesis and appressorium formation by host signals in the conidia of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides.The Plant cell · 2000Article
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Fungal conidia contain chemicals that inhibit germination and appressorium formation until they are well dispersed in a favorable environment. Recently, such self-inhibitors were found to be present on the conidia of Magnaporthe grisea, and plant surface waxes were found to relieve this self-inhibition. To determine whether the self-inhibitors suppress the expression of early genes involved in the germination and differentiation of conidia, the calmodulin gene was chosen as a representative early gene, because it was found to be expressed early in Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and Colletotrichum trifolii differentiation. After calmodulin cDNA and genomic DNA from M. grisea were cloned, the promoter of the calmodulin gene was fused to a reporter gene, that for green fluorescent protein (GFP), and transformed into the M. grisea genome. Confocal microscopic examination and quantitation of expression of GFP green fluorescence showed (i) that the expression of the calmodulin gene decreased significantly when self-inhibition of M. grisea appressorium formation occurred because of high conidial density or addition of exogenous self-inhibitors and (ii) that the expression level of this gene was restored when self-inhibition was relieved by the addition of plant surface waxes. The increase in fluorescence correlated with the percentage of conidia that formed appressoria. The induction of calmodulin was also confirmed by RNA blotting. Concanavalin A inhibited surface attachment of conidia, GFP expression, and appressorium formation without affecting germination. The high correlation between GFP expression and appressorium formation strongly suggests that calmodulin gene expression and appressorium formation require surface attachment.
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