ArticleBrain pathology (Zurich, Switzerland)1999
Response of glia, mast cells and the blood brain barrier, in transgenic mice expressing interleukin-3 in astrocytes, an experimental model for CNS demyelination.
Article in Brain pathology (Zurich, Switzerland), 1999. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
- HLA-DRB1*15:01 drives sex- and age-dependent microglial activation and neuroimmune signaling.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- HLA-DRB1*15:01 drives sex- and age-dependent microglial immune phenotypes and neuroimmune signaling.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Interleukin-3 coordinates glial-peripheral immune crosstalk to incite multiple sclerosis.Immunity · 2023Article
- Signal pathways in astrocytes activated by cross-talk between of astrocytes and mast cells through CD40-CD40L.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2011Article
- Interaction between interleukin 3 and dystrobrevin-binding protein 1 in schizophrenia.Schizophrenia research · 2008Article
- Association study of CSF2RB with schizophrenia in Irish family and case - control samples.Molecular psychiatry · 2008Article
- Interleukin 3 and schizophrenia: the impact of sex and family history.Molecular psychiatry · 2007Article
- A transmission electron microscopic study of microglia/macrophages in the hippocampal cortex and neocortex following chronic exposure to valproate.International journal of experimental pathology · 2005Article
- Axonal injury heralds virus-induced demyelination.The American journal of pathology · 2003Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Transgenic mice overexpressing cytokines facilitate analysis of the effects of these immunomodulators on indigenous cells of the central nervous system. This study examines morphological aspects of demyelination and permeability changes, in a recently described transgenic model (termed GFAP-IL3). GFAP-IL3 mice develop progressive motor disease at approximately 5 months. Lesions identified after disease onset, showed activation of microglia, astroglial proliferation with phagocytosis of lipids, and immigration of macrophages and mast cells into neural parenchyma. Lymphocytes failed to appear until the later stages of the disease. Later, cerebellar and brain stem white matter contained focal demyelinating lesions with intense macrophage infiltration and a proliferative astrocytosis. Dystrophic axonal changes were noted, in addition to demyelination in heavily infiltrated lesions. Mast cells, variably present in the thalamus and meninges of wild type mice, were greatly increased at these sites in GFAP-IL3 mice. Blood-brain barrier (BBB) defects were documented with leakage of intravenously injected horseradish peroxidase. Mast cell infiltration into the CNS and their degranulation at the site of injury, may represent initial events in a spontaneous process of macrophage mediated demyelination in which glial cells and macrophages are both involved in the phagocytic process.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.