Trial reportBritish journal of clinical pharmacology1999
Effect of electrostatic charge in plastic spacers on the lung delivery of HFA-salbutamol in children.
Trial report in British journal of clinical pharmacology, 1999. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed.
- Response to albuterol MDI delivered through an anti-static chamber during nocturnal bronchospasm.Respiratory care · 2012Trial
- Comparative lung bioavailability of fluticasone/salmeterol via a breath-actuated spacer and conventional plastic spacers.European journal of clinical pharmacology · 2011Trial
- In vivo comparison of the relative systemic bioavailability of fluticasone propionate from three anti-static spacers and a metered dose inhaler.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2009Trial
- Respirable dose delivery of fluticasone propionate from a small valved holding chamber, a compact breath actuated integrated vortex device and a metered dose inhaler.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2008Trial
- Effect of plastic spacer handling on salbutamol lung deposition in asthmatic children.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2002Trial
- Optimal administration of bronchodilators with valved holding chambers in preschool children: a review of literature.European journal of pediatrics · 2021Review
- A path to successful patient outcomes through aerosol drug delivery to children: a narrative review.Annals of translational medicine · 2021Review
- Treating COPD Patients with Inhaled Medications in the Era of COVID-19 and Beyond: Options and Rationales for Patients at Home.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · 2021Review
- Drug delivery interfaces: A way to optimize inhalation therapy in spontaneously breathing children.World journal of clinical pediatrics · 2016Review
- The influence of actuator materials and nozzle designs on electrostatic charge of pressurised metered dose inhaler (pMDI) formulations.Pharmaceutical research · 2014Article
- Practical aspects of inhaler use in the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in the primary care setting.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · 2012Review
- Use of inhaler devices in pediatric asthma.Paediatric drugs · 2003Review
- A review of the in vitro and in vivo valved holding chamber (VHC) literature with a focus on the AeroChamber Plus Flow-Vu Anti-static VHC.Therapeutic advances in respiratory diseaseReview
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
aimsThe effect of the electrostatic charge in plastic spacers in vivo on drug delivery to the lung of hydrofluoroalkane (HFA) salbutamol spray was studied in children.
methodsFive children, aged 7-12 years, were included in a 3-way crossover randomised single-blind trial. Salbutamol HFA spray was delivered on 3 different study days from plastic spacers with mouthpiece. Pre-treatment of the spacers differed between study days: (a) Non-electrostatic 350 ml Babyhaler (coated with benzalkonium chloride) (b) New 350 ml Babyhaler (rinsed in water), and (c) New 145 ml AeroChamber (rinsed in water). Plasma salbutamol was measured before and 5, 10, 15 and 20 min after inhalation of four single puffs of 100 microg salbutamol. Cmax and Cav (5-20min) were calculated as a reflection of lung dose.
resultsFor Cmax: (A) Non-electrostatic Babyhaler 4.3 ng ml(-1) (B) New Babyhaler 1.9 ng ml(-1) (C) New AeroChamber 1.6 ng ml(-1): AvsB (95% CI for difference 0.5-4.5 ng ml(-1)), A vs C (95% CI for difference 0.7-4.8 ng ml(-1)). The geometric mean ratio for A:B was 2.4 fold, and for A:C was 2.9 fold. The values for Cav were similar with ratios for A:B of 2.4 fold, and A: C of 4.1 fold. The nonelectrostatic Babyhaler delivered a significantly (P<0.05) higher lung dose (for both Cmax and Cav) than either of the other two spacers.
conclusionsThe electrostatic charge in plastic spacers reduces lung dose in children by more than two-fold. This is clinically significant and the use of potentially electrostatically charged spacers should be avoided.
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